On March 19th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection tour in Hunan that "it is necessary to build high-standard farmland, carry out moderate scale operation, and strengthen policy support and demonstration", "to make grain farmers rich, and then attract more farmers to participate in the development of modern agriculture, so as to truly make the road of agricultural modernization with China characteristics steady and solid".
In the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, there is a good way to manage wheat in spring at jointing stage. Li Junye, a large grain grower in Lingcheng District, Dezhou City, Shandong Province, said: "This year’s wheat, agronomists made a field management plan early according to soil moisture, which saved us a lot of heart."
In the black land of Northeast China, rice in the preparation period ushered in new orders. Shen Guochun, deputy general manager of Heilongjiang Beidahuang Agricultural Co., Ltd. 856 Branch, said: "For more than 120,000 mu of paddy fields, the purchaser pays 150 yuan deposit in advance per mu, and after the autumn harvest, it is purchased at the contract price, and the growers are practical."
Strong management system is an important feature of a strong agricultural country. Looking at the front line of spring ploughing, all kinds of new agricultural business entities have shown their talents. 4 million family farms, more than 2.2 million farmers’ cooperatives have joined forces to lead farmers, and more than 1.07 million agricultural socialized service organizations have provided full-chain services, promoted improved varieties and green unified prevention and control, promoted standardized production, and promoted farmers to grow a variety of good crops, making the vast farmland full of vitality.
Vigorous foot
The main body of new agricultural management has accelerated its growth, and various forms of moderate scale operation have obvious advantages.
Agricultural modernization is inseparable from the innovation of production and management methods.
General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "developing moderate scale management is the direction of modern agriculture" and "making the basic rural management system full of vitality all the time, and constantly creating favorable conditions for promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside and realizing the modernization of agriculture and rural areas".
Hold the initiative of food security firmly in your own hands. Answering the question of "Who will plant the land" and speeding up the construction of a three-dimensional compound modern agricultural management system based on the family management of farmers, linked by cooperation and union, and supported by socialized services have laid a solid foundation for promoting the construction of a strong agricultural country.
Spring management is busy with spring ploughing, and all kinds of new agricultural management entities promote grain production to improve quality and efficiency.
Moderate scale operation will improve the benefit of growing grain.
"My family invested 3 mu of land to participate in the cooperative led by the village party branch, with a guaranteed income of 1,500 yuan a year and dividends at the end of the year, which does not delay going out to work." Zhang Xianfeng, a villager from Zhangjiawanghu Village, Puwang Town, yinan county, Shandong Province, said.
"After the wheat turned green, we kept moisture in time. Now the seedlings are strong and strong. It is expected that this year will be a bumper harvest year." Zhang Shengxiang, secretary of the Party branch of Wanghu Village in Zhangjia, said that the cooperative concentrated on purchasing agricultural materials, and the cost per mu was reduced by 142 yuan. The cooperative’s 226 mu of floodplain land was deeply ploughed and improved, and the low-yield floodplain land became a high-efficiency fertile land.
Innovate the management system and multiply the vitality in the field. In terms of the number of subjects, there are 542,000 grain cooperatives and 1.765 million grain family farms in China, and ordinary farmers account for more than 95% of the cooperative members. From the perspective of operating results, the annual operating income of cooperatives exceeds 630 billion yuan, and the total value of operating services provided to members exceeds 870 billion yuan.
Policies are put in place in time to amplify business advantages.
Mo Haiping, the person in charge, carefully inspected the growth of seedlings raised for farmers in the seedling center of Fengzhou Planting Professional Cooperative in Taosha Town, fengcheng city City, Jiangxi Province. "The policy is strong and the custody business is getting more and more prosperous." Mo Haiping said that in the past two years, the local government has increased its support for the construction of centralized seedling raising facilities, drying centers and other agricultural facilities. This year, the cooperative’s socialized seedling raising service area reached 5,000 mu.
Spring ploughing and preparation for ploughing, local agricultural and rural departments strengthen policy support and guidance services, and give full play to the advantages of scale, intensification, organization and specialization of new agricultural business entities. Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, gives subsidies of about 400 yuan per mu to large-scale producers who plant more than 50 mu of rice and wheat or more than 20 mu of rape. Yanggu county supported 99 new agricultural business entities with a planting scale of over 100 mu to purchase self-propelled squeezers, and implemented the socialized service of "one spraying and three prevention" for 280,000 mu times, so as to promote the implementation of key technologies of spring management.
Adjustment of operation mode, optimization and upgrading of production.
In Gaozhuang Village, Chengxi Town, Ganyu District, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, ridges with a width of many feet have been flattened, and wheat fields have become square and contiguous. "After the land transfer, it was unified and sorted out, which effectively solved the problem of fragmentation of cultivated land. Now large rotary tillers and harvesters can enter the field, and the efficiency of mechanized operation has been significantly improved. " Zhong Chongyu, deputy director of the Bureau of Agriculture, Rural Affairs and Social Affairs of Chengxi Town, said.
New agricultural management entities have played an important role in increasing the yield of major crops such as grain and oil in a large area. Based on the actual demand of spring ploughing production, all localities have accelerated the cultivation of new agricultural operators of grain and oil according to local conditions, encouraged new agricultural operators to develop smart agriculture, and applied modern information technologies such as the Internet of Things and big data, and intelligent terminals such as Beidou navigation and operation quality monitoring to guide new agricultural operators of grain and oil to innovate farming systems such as "grain+"compound planting and recycling.
Strong guarantee
Driven by multi-level services, promote the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture
The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that "the key point should be to solve the problem of how to plant the land well and accelerate the construction of a new agricultural management system" and "accelerate the improvement of the agricultural socialized service system to serve and drive small farmers well".
According to the data of the third national agricultural census, the number of small farmers in China accounts for more than 98% of the main agricultural operators, and the average household management scale is about 7.8 mu. "Big country small farmers" are still the basic agricultural conditions in China.
The first line of spring ploughing focuses on the key weak links in agricultural production and the actual production of small farmers. All localities continue to innovate service models and expand service areas, making it easier for farmers to grow grain.
-Support the continuous improvement of the protection system.
In Shuichi Village, Fangjia Town, Renshou County, Sichuan Province, the prevention and control of wheat diseases and insect pests is at the key node. "Agricultural insurance has alleviated worries for us." After dealing with the land for 8 years, Fan Kun, a grain grower, has become more and more emboldened. "This year, I bought full-cost insurance for both crops, and the government subsidized 75%. As long as an acre of wheat pays 4.76 yuan, the insured amount is 700 yuan."
Document No.1 of the Central Committee put forward a package of support policies of "price+subsidy+insurance" to ensure that farmers can earn and benefit from growing grain. Appropriately raise the minimum purchase price of wheat, continue to implement subsidies for the protection of cultivated land fertility and subsidies for corn and soybean producers, and achieve nationwide coverage of the three major staple food full cost insurance and planting income insurance policies … A series of policies to strengthen agriculture and benefit farmers have been introduced, constantly mobilizing farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain.
-improving the quality and expanding the scope of socialized services.
"Lao Zhang, you have to help me plan the seedlings and soil testing formula fertilizer." Xie Shiying, a grain grower in Hezhuang Village, Taitou Township, Huaibin County, Henan Province, came to Huaibin Jinxiu Jianghuai Modern Agriculture Co., Ltd. early in the morning to sign an order agreement for machine transplanting rice seedlings. Feng Zhang, the person in charge of the company, said: "Our service has been continuously extended to prenatal and postpartum. This year, the service area is nearly 300,000 mu, and farmers can save about 16% per mu of agricultural investment."
Spring ploughing is very busy, and diversified socialized services provide strong support for grain production. At present, the service area of various agricultural socialized service subjects exceeds 1.97 billion mu, of which 1.47 billion mu, accounting for 75%, covers more than 91 million small farmers.
-new technology goes straight to small farmers.
"There are experts from the county agricultural technology extension center on-site support, from seed selection, fertilizer application to pest control. It is clear that the 4 mu of wheat planted this year is growing better than last year." Fang Chenglian, a grain grower in Longfeng Village, Longfeng Town, wangcang county City, Sichuan Province, said.
"The intercropping mode in Mi Dou and the scientific management technology in the whole growth period are very useful for increasing the yield of corn and soybean." In preparation for leisure, in Siping Agricultural Education Center, Jilin Province, a follow-up training for high-quality farmers made Zhou Jinling of Jiajiale Agricultural Machinery Planting Farmers’ Professional Cooperative in Siping City gain a lot.
Improving the scientific literacy of grain growers is related to the quality of grain production. The extensive use of information technology has effectively opened up the "last mile" of spring ploughing agricultural technology services. Since the beginning of the year, China Agricultural Technology Extension Information Service Platform has answered 46,000 questions about spring ploughing and preparation for ploughing online. According to the technical needs of different regions, the platform pushes personalized technical guidance and services for farmers by region, time and industry, helping the spring tube and spring ploughing to advance in an orderly manner.
Increase benefit
The efficiency and competitiveness of grain production have been continuously improved to ensure that grain farmers continue to benefit.
The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "we should promote the primary processing and intensive processing of agricultural products, extend the industrial chain and upgrade the value chain" and "we should explore the establishment of a more effective and long-term interest linkage mechanism to ensure the villagers continue to benefit".
Walking in the front line of spring ploughing, the reporter found that all localities are accelerating the extension of the grain industry chain and upgrading the value chain. From the field to the factory and then to the dining table, more and more "big granaries" have become "big kitchens", and the toughness of the grain industry chain has been continuously enhanced.
Aim at market demand and adjust planting structure.
"Varieties follow the market." Chen Bo, a grain grower in Xisheng Village, dongbei town, Zhongjiang County, Sichuan Province, said that 45 mu of wheat was planted, all of which are varieties with strong rust resistance and high yield. "The second-class and above wheat planted according to the green planting standard is purchased by the company at a price higher than the market price of 100 yuan per ton, and the income is guaranteed."
The planting structure is adjusted with the market, which effectively promotes agricultural efficiency and farmers’ income. Rapeseed with short growth period, processed high-quality strong gluten and weak gluten wheat suitable for making bread and cakes, green and high-quality glutinous rice … With the orderly promotion of spring ploughing, a series of new varieties adapted to processing and consumption demand landed in the field, which not only helped to improve grain yield and quality, but also provided consumers with more diversified choices.
Industrial integration empowers and builds a modern big industry.
In the fields of Qingfeng Village, Nandu Town, liyang city City, Jiangsu Province, the wheat waves are fluctuating with the wind, rape flowers are in full bloom, and a newly built Daoxiang Cultural Center stands not far away. "The grain industry has great potential for development." Wang Linsong, the person in charge of Suifeng Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., introduced that the construction of rice processing equipment and finished product cold storage has been completed, and at present, it is speeding up the improvement of popular science furnishings in the cultural center. During the flowering period of rapeseed and the peak season of rice seedling raising, leisure tourism and agricultural research projects will be carried out, which is expected to drive the village collective to increase income by 2 million yuan.
On the front line of spring ploughing, all localities and departments have stepped up efforts to consolidate the foundation of grain industry and cultivate the whole industry chain. Hundreds of millions of farmers have worked hard in the fields of hope, solidly promoted agricultural production in spring, made the agricultural foundation more stable, and made the rice bowl more secure. (Reporter Yu Jingxi You Yi)