标签： 阿拉爱上海同城对对碰

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward the important task of "comprehensively promoting the modernization of military theory". To thoroughly study and understand the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader Chairman, we must deeply understand the great significance of promoting the modernization of military theory, give priority to the innovation of military theory, focus on building a modern military scientific research system, focus on building a team of high-quality military theory talents, and constantly consolidate the foundation of military theory modernization.
　　Deeply understand the significance of comprehensively promoting the modernization of military theory
　　The greater the era of great change, the more powerful theoretical support is needed. We should focus on realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, take the party’s goal of strengthening the military in the new era as the guide, comprehensively promote the modernization of military theory, and provide scientific and powerful theoretical support for the practice of strengthening the military.
　　The backwardness of military theory will inevitably lead to passive beatings, which is a profound lesson of China’s modern history. In modern times, the world’s military has evolved from the era of cold weapons to the era of gunpowder, and the rise of western military culture, represented by On War, has led to great changes in the military field. However, China’s feudal dynasty was deeply immersed in the thinking concept of the era of cold weapons, believed in "riding and shooting-oriented", and did nothing to innovate military culture, which led to a war tragedy in which foreign guns were confronted with big swords and spears before foreign invasion. At present, the new military revolution in the world is developing rapidly, the war form is accelerating to evolve into an information war, and new advanced military theories are emerging one after another. The backwardness of military theories means that historical tragedies are likely to repeat themselves.
　　Paying attention to the development and application of military theory is an important magic weapon for our party to defeat the enemy. The first generation of leaders in the Communist Party of China (CPC), represented by Mao Zedong, focused on winning national independence and liberation, combined the universal truth of Marxism with the reality of China’s revolutionary war, put forward the way of building and managing the people’s army, invented the strategy and tactics of the people’s war, and formed Mao Zedong’s military ideological and theoretical system, which successfully made up for the deficiencies in weapons and equipment, logistics support, miraculously defeated the enemies at home and abroad armed to the teeth, and realized Chinese’s century-old dream of standing up. In the future, the main war opponents our army will face are very strong, and we must still base ourselves on defeating the strong with the weak, giving full play to the advantages of strategic planning and tactics, being flexible and flexible, and winning with cleverness and wisdom.
　　Accelerating the modernization of military theory is an urgent requirement put forward by current military practice. At present, our army is under the new system. How to further deepen the research on the innovation and development of the Party’s military guidance theory, how to promote the scale structure, policy system, integration of defense and civilian technologies and other follow-up reform tasks in an orderly manner, how to scientifically build a joint operational command system, how to innovate and develop tactics that are suitable for our army’s actual situation, how to build and improve the theater strategy and the development strategy of services and arms, how to prepare for maritime rights protection, anti-terrorism and stability, and how to push military forces out, and so on, are all in urgent need of scientific answers.
Vigorously promote the innovation of military theory
　　The great innovation of military theory in history often becomes the forerunner of military system reform. Whoever can put forward and apply advanced military theory first can seize the opportunity in the world military competition. This requires that the innovation of military theory should be taken as a breakthrough to comprehensively promote the modernization of military theory, vigorously carry forward the scientific spirit and the spirit of seeking truth, gather hundred schools of thought’s wisdom, understand the changes at all times and at home and abroad, and strive for the truth of war theory in the information age and the reality of national defense and army building practice.
　　Always adhere to the research direction of Marxist military theory. Adhere to the supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army as the fundamental guidance, establish correct scientific research values and academic orientation, and promote the innovative development of military theory.
　　Pay close attention to the role of the new scientific and technological revolution theory. Grasp the great impetus of science and technology to the innovation of military theory, closely follow the development trend of the new round of scientific and technological revolution, recognize its huge value-added space of combat effectiveness, find theoretical growth points from it, foresee the changes of war characteristics as early as possible, seize the opportunity of military cognition and seize the highland of military theory.
　　Handle the relationship between basic research and practical research. It is necessary to do a solid job in basic theoretical research, so that the research results are profound, strategic and long-term. It is also necessary to strengthen the realistic orientation, adhere to the combination of research and application, adhere to the focus on winning, keep up with the evolution of modern war forms, and focus on exploring and studying the methods of warfare in the information age, so as to draw on the construction, training and management of our army and continuously improve the contribution rate of military theoretical innovation to the growth of combat effectiveness.
　　Handle the relationship between qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. We not only pay attention to exploring military truth and revealing military laws through qualitative analysis methods such as induction and deduction and logical analysis, but also explore new scientific research modes supported by information technology, strengthen the application of experimental demonstration methods in subject research, and solve the problems of insufficient antagonism, lack of accuracy and low reliability of traditional military theoretical research through simulation, mathematical analysis and calculation and comparison.
　　Handle the relationship between individual tackling key problems and collaborative innovation. We should not only base ourselves on our own efforts, strengthen our foundation and give full play to the role of "small core", but also walk away from the new path of collaborative innovation, strengthen joint research with military commission organs, war zones, military forces and scientific research institutions of local colleges and universities, and accelerate the formation of an open, cooperative and win-win scientific research pattern.
　　Handle the relationship between learning from foreign troops and insisting on taking ourselves as the main factor. It is necessary to be a good scout and lookout at the forefront of military theoretical research, closely follow the latest trends of military powers such as the United States, Russia and Japan in the field of military theoretical research, and also adhere to the principle of promoting theoretical innovation based on ourselves, prevent "what you say is what you say is the US military", correct the practice of mechanically copying foreign military theoretical achievements regardless of our actual military, and create a military theoretical system that conforms to our actual situation and has our military characteristics.
　　Strive to promote the reform of military scientific research system and mechanism
　　The modernization of military theory is inseparable from the modernization of military scientific research system. At present, the shortcomings in the system and mechanism of military scientific research restrict and constrain the innovation of military scientific research. It is necessary to seize the favorable opportunity of deepening the reform of national defense and the army, improve the scientific military scientific research system and mechanism, get rid of the long-standing disadvantages that bind theoretical innovation, restore the spirit of learning from things and seeking true knowledge, and stimulate the vitality of scientific research and innovation.
　　Integrating the spirit of professional research into the construction of new military think tanks. Firmly establish a correct view of military scientific research and regard how many useful and valuable ideas have been put forward as the highest standard for military scientific research evaluation; Strengthen the spirit of independent research, not only books, not only books, but also facts; Strengthen professionalism, gather military experts from all sides, and put forward professional and operational countermeasures and suggestions.
　　Do a good job in military scientific research management around "who will manage, what and how to manage" Implement de-administration, establish lean scientific research institutions, and eliminate formalism and bureaucracy in scientific research management; Respect the law of scientific research, let the truly knowledgeable people engage in scientific research management, prevent laymen from leading experts, and reduce administrative intervention in scientific research; According to the demand-oriented, quality-oriented and transformation-oriented, we should do a good job in military project planning and design, and strengthen overall management, process control and quality supervision.
　　Solve the problem of academic knowledge with open thinking. In view of the problems existing in military scientific research, such as "no connection with the upper level, no connection with the lower level, and no knowledge of the outside world", we should walk away from the normal way of researchers going to the military commission organs and troops to exchange jobs and solve the problem of "no connection with the upper level and no connection with the lower level"; Get rid of the way of open scientific research, and solve the problem of "not knowing the outside world" by cultivating researchers’ ability of academic exchange with foreign countries and cooperating with local high-end think tanks.
　　Promoting military scientific research to go abroad with a broader world vision. Further open international horizons, actively participate in various international academic exchanges, and compete for academic discourse rights; Do a good job in academic exchange platforms such as Xiangshan Forum, actively voice in various fields of military science, show academic existence and enhance influence; Select outstanding researchers to study abroad and improve their ability to engage in international academic exchanges.
　　Do a good job in building a team of military theoretical talents
　　Talent is the foundation of strengthening the army and the foundation of modernization of military theory. At present, there are some problems in the military theoretical talent team of our army, such as uneven structure, low ability standard and weak professionalism. We should adapt to the urgent need of military theoretical research in the period of great change and do a good job in the construction of talent team.
　　Create a capable and professional team of innovative talents. Strictly control the entrance, and select talents who are sharp-minded, professional and solid, have a clear understanding of the world’s military and our army’s reality, and are well versed in the reform of Chinese and foreign military construction and combat methods into the military theoretical research team; Take the opportunity of reform, do a good job in the integrated allocation of human resources, and form professional complementarity and integration advantages; Formulate and implement a scientific talent incentive mechanism and resolutely break the scientific research pot.
　　Firmly establish the dominant position of researchers. Focus on giving full play to enthusiasm, initiative and innovation, strengthen the subjectivity of researchers, and build up the consciousness of serving scientific research in party committees and organs of scientific research institutes at all levels, so as to make military theoretical research a post with considerable professional requirements and value dignity.
　　Strengthen the spirit of learning and dedication. Military theoretical researchers should be familiar with classic military works and lay a solid foundation for theoretical research; Read more books on philosophy and social sciences to improve logical thinking ability; More quiet and indifferent, willing to sit on the bench for ten years, and study with the tenacity of grinding a sword for ten years, and give good ideas and big ideas for strengthening the army.

Science education for primary and middle school students should conform to children’s cognitive characteristics, care for their innate curiosity and imagination, and help them appreciate the wonderful fun of observing, thinking and experimenting like scientists.　　　　

Although there are many opinions on how to add science education in the "double reduction" of education, there is a consensus that strengthening science education is not only to increase the teaching of scientific knowledge, but also to cultivate scientific literacy. Scientific literacy has the characteristics of multi-factor and multi-dimensional organic integration, including not only scientific knowledge and methods, but also scientific thinking, scientific attitude and scientific spirit. From the perspective of education, every subject, every scene and every link related to literacy cultivation cannot be separated from inquiry. Whether it’s questioning, model building, hypothetical experiment, problem solving, system discovery, innovation and development … The whole process of exploring with the germination, jointing, flowering and results of scientific literacy is filled in the life experience of every subject of science education. It can be said that science education is alive and smart because of inquiry. Facing the future, science education for teenagers should be based on inquiry.

As a biological term, "root" is an important organ of plants, which is mainly responsible for absorbing water and minerals, fixing plants and storing nutrients. Its morphological structure can be changed according to plant species and growth environment. In the Chinese culture, which highly values understanding things, "root" has long gone beyond its original meaning and has multiple meanings such as root, root, root cause and basis. No matter how complicated and ever-changing things are, only by nourishing their roots and guarding their foundations can they be deeply rooted and endless. Science education for primary and middle school students should conform to children’s cognitive characteristics, care for their innate curiosity and imagination, and help them appreciate the wonderful fun of observing, thinking and experimenting like scientists. Only in this way can the seeds of scientific innovation take root in their hearts and grow wantonly, and then become a habit and a state of life. Inquiry is not only a way of learning, but also a scientific attitude, and it is also an innovative quality, which indicates that learners gain happiness, satisfaction and sense of accomplishment in learning, scientific research and creation through self-attempt, thus laying a solid foundation for lifelong enthusiasm for scientific exploration. Inquiry is of great value to science education. The inquiry characteristics of science education are fully demonstrated in a multi-level sense.

One is the premise of the experiment. Experiments in science education must be based on inquiry. Without the examination and discussion of phenomena and previous experience, the birth of research problems lacks cognitive basis and theoretical basis. Inquiry, as the premise of experiment, is often manifested as questioning and questioning. In the process of questioning and questioning, everyone can express their opinions and brainstorm, so that new ideas can be generated and the experimental direction can be clarified. As the saying goes, "the trace of suspicion must be observed", only by finding the driving problem that is really worth exploring and investigating, and roughly clarifying the ins and outs, can we preset the solution to the problem and start the scientific experiment pointing to new discoveries and inventions. Science education is guided by questions, and starts from questioning and exploring.

The second is the learning content. Inquiry does not lie in science education, but stays at the entrance of science education, but advances with science education and becomes a part of science education content. Because the purpose of science education is to "guide students to participate in inquiry practice extensively, combine learning with thinking, entertain and entertain, consciously acquire scientific knowledge, cultivate scientific spirit, improve scientific quality … and weave the dream of becoming a scientist". Guiding students to think, explore and solve problems like scientists is the natural move and practical action of science education.

The third is the way of thinking. If inquiry, as an experimental premise or learning content, is separated from science educators to some extent, then from the perspective of thinking mode, inquiry is really integrated into teaching wisdom. In the design of science education teaching scheme, teachers’ inquiry thinking can’t be absent. On the basis of insight into the learning situation and analysis of problems, teachers can correctly preset various problems that may occur in the experiment and explore solutions. Only in the process of implementation can they meet the river and bridge the ladder, leading students to the other side of science. As the saying goes, "those who teach, grow good and save those who lose", "what is done above, what is done below". When teachers implement science education with inquiry thinking, students will acquire inquiry thinking through immersion experience.

The fourth is the necessary character. The cultivation of scientific literacy is indispensable to interrogation and reflection on existing cognitive schemes and investigation and identification of existing facts. It is an essential feature and character of science education to bring interrogation, reflection and investigation into the thinking process and integrate it into the content of science education. In other words, inquiry is the internal need of the implementation of science education and the driving force for the promotion of science education. Without inquiry, there is no real science education; If we don’t plant the roots of inquiry, it will be difficult to see the effectiveness of science education.

Inquiry contains the spirit of reflection, experiment and identification, which has both negative actions and constructive pursuit. Exploration in a complete sense is the dialectical unity of cracking and constructing, denying and affirming, keeping right and innovating. Healthy, active and scientific exploration should strive to achieve the unity of the following aspects.

The first is the unity of scientific inquiry and value inquiry. Scientific inquiry is an inquiry based on facts, in order to pursue the truth and help to establish the truth. It combs and examines the existing cognition and scheme based on the facts or conditions that have been presented, so as to reveal the essence of things and find the law of things’ operation under the conditions of teaching experiments. Value inquiry is an inquiry based on belief, the pursuit of meaning and the establishment of spirit. Based on the value judgment of rejuvenating the country through science and education and cultivating people through virtue, it discriminates and chooses the existing education and teaching ideas, so as to provide direction and adjust the thinking and behavior of teachers and students and clarify the goal of individual growth. The two are not independent, and scientific inquiry contains the content of value inquiry, and value inquiry must also take scientific inquiry as a reference.

The second is the unity of students’ inquiry and teachers’ inquiry. Guiding students to explore and demonstrating existing knowledge and related experiments is an indispensable link and content of scientific literacy cultivation. But at the same time, this process also needs the follow-up of teachers’ inquiry, that is, to constantly revise, enrich and improve their teaching plans and learning scaffolding in response to students’ questions. Students’ inquiry and teachers’ inquiry in science education are closely related. Only emphasizing students’ inquiry while ignoring teachers’ inquiry, science education will inevitably fall into dogma and rigidity, and cannot effectively deal with students’ problems and challenges.

The third is the unity of cognitive inquiry and fact inquiry. The inquiry of science education itself presents as a cognitive inquiry, which includes the doubt and construction of cognition, the exploration and experience of scientific thinking, scientific attitude and scientific spirit, but the inquiry of cognitive concepts cannot be regarded as the whole of science education. Fact inquiry and material inquiry are the transformation, change and innovation of existing things, and their significance is also extraordinary. Although cognitive inquiry is helpful to the transformation of reality, it can’t replace practical strength and material strength after all. Only in fact inquiry, by transforming matter with practice, can the endogenous energy of inquiry be fully released.

Cultivating young people who have the potential of scientists and are willing to devote themselves to scientific research, and laying a solid foundation for building a socialist modern power in an all-round way, can not be separated from the practice and innovation of science education. Science education needs to strengthen the consciousness of inquiry, attach importance to cultivating inquiry thinking, and make inquiry an internal driving force to support students’ lifelong curiosity, continuous exploration and invention.

(The author is the Department of Teacher Affairs of the Ministry of Education)

China Education News, March 28th, 2024, 7th edition.