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Influenza has attracted much attention.
How to prevent the flu
Heilongjiang province disease control center
Publish popular science
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which seriously harms people’s health. The antigenicity of influenza virus is changeable and spreads rapidly, which can cause seasonal epidemic every year, and outbreaks can occur in schools, kindergartens and nursing homes. High-risk groups such as pregnant women, infants, the elderly and patients with chronic basic diseases have a higher risk of serious illness and death after suffering from influenza. Vaccination with influenza vaccine is an effective means to prevent influenza virus infection and its serious complications.
What is the pathogen that causes influenza?
The chief culprit of influenza is influenza virus, which belongs to orthomyxoviridae and is divided into four types: A, B, C and D (or A, B, C and D). At present, the viruses that cause seasonal influenza epidemic are H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes of influenza A virus and Victoria and Yamagata strains of influenza B virus. Among them, influenza A virus antigen is frequently mutated and highly contagious, which is the main culprit causing influenza epidemic.
How did we get the flu?
It is mainly transmitted by droplets produced when infected people talk, cough and sneeze, and may also be indirectly transmitted through contact with contaminated diet, tableware and towels. It may also spread through aerosols in crowded and poorly ventilated environments, which is highly contagious.
Influenza and the common cold
What’s the difference
The common cold is mainly sneezing, stuffy nose, runny nose and cough, while the flu has serious systemic symptoms. When the body has the following characteristics, it is suspected that it is the flu rather than the common cold: the high fever is obvious (38.9~40℃), and the body temperature rises rapidly in a short time; Pain is obvious (headache, sore throat, muscle ache); Fatigue is obvious; Severe cough is obvious.
Some people think that the flu is also a "big cold", which is no big deal. The common cold rarely has complications, while the flu is prone to complications such as pneumonia, myocarditis and encephalitis. For children, we should be especially alert to acute necrotizing encephalopathy. Once this serious complication occurs, the mortality rate is high. Generally speaking, children under 5 years old and patients with chronic basic diseases have a higher risk of serious illness.
Who is prone to the flu?
Most people are self-limited after influenza, but some people are at higher risk of serious complications after infection, including the elderly over 60 years old, children under 5 years old, pregnant women and patients with basic diseases.
Why do children
More susceptible to influenza
The reasons may be as follows:
(1) Schools and kindergartens are collective places, where children gather and have close contact. Once there are flu cases, it will easily lead to the spread of the disease and more cases;
(2) Children are naturally infected with influenza virus or have little vaccination, and their pre-existing immunity is weak, so their cross-protection effect on influenza virus is weak;
(3) Children’s own respiratory tract may be less developed than that of adults, and their own immune system is in a developing state, so they are vulnerable to respiratory viruses such as influenza and have symptoms.
What is the age of influenza vaccination?
How many shots do you need?
Children and adults over 3 years old are vaccinated with 1 injection; Children from 6 months to 3 years old were vaccinated with 2 injections. Please read the informed consent form of vaccination carefully before vaccination.
I was vaccinated against influenza last year.
Do you want to fight again this year?
Vaccination against influenza is the most economical and effective means to prevent influenza. The antibody level brought by influenza vaccine gradually decreased after 6 to 8 months, and the influenza virus was mutating every year. Every year, WHO will recommend the composition of influenza vaccine for the next season according to the epidemic situation, so that the composition of influenza vaccine may be different from that of the previous year. So, don’t be afraid of trouble. I got the flu vaccine last year, and I still have to get it this year.
Tuan Tuan reminds everyone
Recently, influenza has occurred frequently.
Wear a mask and take precautions.
Original title: "The Latest Release of Heilongjiang CDC"
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