CCTV News:According to the official Weibo news of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, recently, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the Compilation Guide for the Control Scheme of Total Phosphorus Pollution in the Yangtze River Basin (hereinafter referred to as the Compilation Guide), and the relevant person in charge of the Department of Water Ecology and Environment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment answered the reporter’s questions about the Compilation Guide. The person in charge pointed out that the total phosphorus pollution control target and realization path should be determined according to local conditions, and a scientific and reasonable total phosphorus pollution control scheme should be formulated without one-size-fits-all and formalism.
The following is the full text of questions and answers.
Q: Why is the Compilation Guide issued?
A: The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the protection of the ecological environment in the Yangtze River basin. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader personally presided over the symposium on comprehensively promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt three times, stressing that the restoration of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River should be placed in an overwhelming position, and great protection should be paid together instead of large-scale development. In recent years, total phosphorus has become the primary pollutant in the Yangtze River basin. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, although a series of total phosphorus pollution control work has been carried out in various places, the pollution problem of "three phosphorus" (phosphate rock, phosphorus chemical enterprises and phosphogypsum storage) has not been fundamentally solved, and the local high value of total phosphorus has appeared in many places in the main stream of the Yangtze River, and many sections have high pollution intensity in flood season. The total phosphorus pollution control in the basin still has a long way to go.
On March 1, 2021, the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of the Yangtze River was officially implemented, requiring the people’s governments at the provincial level in the Yangtze River basin to formulate a total phosphorus pollution control plan in their respective administrative areas and organize its implementation. In order to implement the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of the Yangtze River and guide the provinces in the Yangtze River Basin to formulate and implement the total phosphorus pollution control plan in their respective administrative areas, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, on the basis of in-depth investigation and extensive consultation, compiled and issued the Guidelines for the Preparation of the Total Phosphorus Pollution Control Plan in the Yangtze River Basin, which further clarified the principle, scope and time limit, total phosphorus pollution control objectives and main tasks of the plan, guided all localities to promote the total phosphorus pollution control work according to local conditions, and promoted the continuous improvement of the water ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin.
Q: What are the principles for compiling the total phosphorus pollution control plan?
A: First, adhere to the problem orientation. Adhere to the improvement of water ecological environment quality as the core, accurately identify the problem and crux of total phosphorus pollution in the basin, comprehensively consider the differences in natural conditions, work basis and social and economic development level, and put forward the control target and realization path of total phosphorus pollution according to local conditions. The second is to adhere to system governance. The preparation of the plan should be linked with the water ecological environment protection plan of key river basins in the "14th Five-Year Plan", and the work systems of total phosphorus pollution control and "three phosphorus" comprehensive improvement, agricultural non-point source pollution control and supervision and guidance, and supervision and management of sewage outlets into the river should be promoted to play a synergistic role. The third is to insist on clear responsibilities. Clarify the division of responsibilities, pay attention to coordination and linkage, implement the objectives and tasks to the responsible units, and compact the responsibility of prevention and control of total phosphorus pollution in relevant localities, departments and enterprises to ensure that total phosphorus pollution control can be monitored, counted and assessed.
Q: What are the main contents of the total phosphorus pollution control plan?
A: The total phosphorus pollution control plan mainly includes six aspects: general principles, achievements and problems, total phosphorus pollution control objectives, main tasks, main task list and schedule, and safeguard measures. First, the principle of compiling the total phosphorus pollution control scheme in each province is established, emphasizing problem orientation, systematic governance and clear responsibility; Second, the main contents of the plan are clarified, and it is required to systematically analyze the problems and causes of total phosphorus pollution in administrative areas on the basis of comprehensively summarizing the effectiveness and experience of total phosphorus pollution control in the 13 th Five-Year Plan, and scientifically determine the total phosphorus pollution control objectives in combination with the demand for water quality improvement and emission reduction potential, put forward the main tasks and safeguard measures, and do a good job in task decomposition and annual schedule; Thirdly, the realization path of total phosphorus pollution control is put forward, including industrial pollution control, non-point source pollution control, domestic pollution control, river basin ecological protection and endogenous pollution control, investigation and rectification of sewage outlets entering the river, etc., focusing on refining key projects of total phosphorus pollution control and continuing to promote them, and giving specific requirements for the list of key projects.
Q: How to determine the total phosphorus pollution control target?
A: The Compilation Guide requires that the control target of total phosphorus pollution should focus on improving the quality of water ecological environment, and fully link up the water ecological environment protection plan of key river basins during the 14 th Five-Year Plan and the action plan for tackling agricultural and rural pollution (2021— The objectives and tasks of soil, groundwater and rural ecological environment protection planning in 2025 and the 14 th Five-Year Plan are reasonably determined according to the principles of monitoring, statistics and assessment, combined with the requirements of regional "three lines and one single" ecological environment zoning management and control.
All localities should further refine and decompose the water quality control targets of total phosphorus on the basis of the water quality targets of national control sections during the 14th Five-Year Plan, combined with the background value of total phosphorus and the total phosphorus concentration of upstream entry sections, and formulate the water quality targets of total phosphorus in provincial control sections, municipal control sections and county control sections according to actual needs. The total phosphorus emission reduction target needs to fully consider the local water quality and water ecological security needs, and be determined as a whole after deducting the expected new total phosphorus emissions on the basis of calculating the emission reduction potential of various types of pollution in industry, agriculture and life within the administrative area.
Q: What are the feasible ways to control total phosphorus pollution?
A: The Compilation Guide combines the experience and existing problems of total phosphorus pollution control in the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, focusing on the key areas of total phosphorus pollution control such as "three phosphorus" pollution control, agricultural non-point source control and supervision and guidance, and supervision and management of sewage outlets into rivers. The total phosphorus pollution control paths are put forward, such as industrial upgrading of phosphate rock and phosphorus chemical industry, ecological restoration and comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum reservoir, deep treatment and reuse of pollution in key industries such as agricultural and sideline food processing, construction and transformation of industrial park pipe network, reduction and increase of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, initial rainwater collection and treatment, pollution intensity management in flood season, construction of constructed wetland water purification project, environmental protection dredging and other endogenous pollution control, and investigation and rectification of sewage outlets into rivers, so as to guide the comprehensive utilization of projects, policies and technologies in various places.
Q: The situation in different parts of China is different. How can local governments adjust measures to local conditions when formulating total phosphorus pollution control plans?
Answer: The Compilation Guide clearly requires that the total phosphorus pollution control scheme should adhere to the problem-oriented and goal-oriented, systematically analyze the total phosphorus pollution situation and pollution sources in the administrative area, identify key issues, deeply analyze the reasons, base on the development reality of various places, combine the demand for improving the water ecological environment quality and the emission reduction potential, and determine the total phosphorus pollution control target and realization path according to local conditions, without making a one-size-fits-all approach or formalism, and make a scientific and reasonable total.