标签： 杭州桑拿

How does the history of the Party describe the process of smashing the Gang of Four？

　 　 　 　　[Editor’s note]

　 　 　 　 The 48-episode TV series "Deng Xiaoping at a turning point in history" was officially launched on CCTV 1 on August 8, which triggered a heated discussion among netizens. The drama broadcast that day involved the plot of smashing the Gang of Four. The Paper specially excerpted the relevant contents about this matter in the book History of communist party in China.

In October 1976, people from all walks of life in the capital gathered and marched, cheering and smashing the victory of the Gang of Four.

　　　　　　　　

Hua Guofeng was aware of the danger of the Gang of Four usurping the Party.

　　　　　　　　After the death of Mao Zedong, the Gang of Four stepped up their conspiracy to seize the supreme leadership of the Party and the state. While Mao Zedong was seriously ill, in late August, the gang of four’s best friend in Shanghai suddenly distributed weapons and stepped up the equipment of Shanghai militia, firing 74,220 guns, 300 guns and more than 10 million rounds of various ammunition in an attempt to make Shanghai a base for them to seize the highest power. After Mao Zedong’s death, their conspiracy became even more unbridled. On September 11th, Wang Hongwen set up another duty room in Zhongnanhai instead of the duty room of the Central Office, and informed the party committees of all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions that major issues should be reported to them in a timely manner in an attempt to cut off the contact between the CPC Central Committee and all localities and command the whole country by them. Jiang Qing tried her best to master the documents and materials kept by Mao Zedong. The Gang of Four also monitored Hua Guofeng’s actions. They secretly made many arrangements for Shanghai’s cronies. The Gang of Four manipulated some people in Tsinghua University, Peking University, Xinhua and other units to write "loyalty letters" and "persuasion letters" to Jiang Qing. Some people openly asked Jiang Qing to "serve as Chairman the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Chairman of the Military Commission" and "shoulder this heavy burden". Wang Hongwen made a standard portrait ready to be hung in the whole country, and ordered the literary and art circles to shoot films such as "Grand Festival".

　　　　　　　　As the first vice-chairman of the CPC Central Committee and presiding over the work of the Central Committee, Hua Guofeng was aware of the serious danger of the Gang of Four usurping the party and seizing power, and thought that it was necessary to urgently seek countermeasures to remove this gangrene from the body of the party and the state. On September 11th, Hua Guofeng went to Li Xiannian’s residence and said: The struggle against the Gang of Four is inevitable, and now it’s time to solve it. Hua Guofeng also asked Li Xiannian to go to see Ye Jianying on his behalf and ask Ye Jianying for advice on how and when to solve the problem of the Gang of Four. On September 14th, Li Xiannian went to Ye Jianying’s residence, conveyed Hua Guofeng’s opinion and studied the matter with him. After repeated studies with Ye Jianying, Li Xiannian and Wang Dongxing, Hua Guofeng thought that the struggle against the Gang of Four was deadly and beyond the scope of normal inner-party contradictions and struggles, and decisive measures should be taken to solve them, but it was also necessary to avoid causing major social unrest.

　People’s Daily published forged dying entrustment.

　　　　　　　　In order to create public opinion for coming to power, the Gang of Four forged a so-called dying order from Chairman Mao, which was "to follow the established policy". On September 16th, People’s Daily, Red Flag magazine and People’s Liberation Army Daily published editorials saying: "Chairman Mao enjoined us to’ follow the established policy’." "To follow the established policy is to follow Chairman Mao’s proletarian revolutionary line and various policies." They took "following the established policy" as the propaganda center at that time, occupied the main page in newspapers and periodicals, repeatedly publicized, raised themselves and attacked Hua Guofeng and others.

　　　　　　　　The Gang of Four forged Mao Zedong’s dying "orders", which aroused Hua Guofeng’s greater vigilance. Compared with the three sentences written by Mao Zedong more than four months ago, on October 2, Hua Guofeng corrected this formulation in the "Speech by the Head of the China Delegation at the 31st Session of the United Nations General Assembly" submitted for review, and instructed: I checked it correctly, and I made three mistakes with Chairman Mao’s handwriting. What Chairman Mao wrote and what I conveyed to the Politburo were "to follow the past policy". In order to avoid further misinformation, I deleted it. However, Zhang Chunqiao instructed in this document: "The proposal will not be issued." Jiang Qing agrees with Zhang Chunqiao. On the one hand, the Gang of Four blocked the issuance of Hua Guofeng’s instructions to prevent the fraud of forging Mao Zedong’s dying "instructions" from being exposed; on the other hand, they instructed their writing team to concoct another article with a higher tone of "following the established policy". On October 4th, Guangming Daily published "Liang Xiao" article "Always Follow Chairman Mao’s established policy". The article said: "To tamper with Chairman Mao’s established policy is to betray Marxism, socialism and the great theory of continuing revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariat." "Any revisionist leader who dares to tamper with Chairman Mao’s established policy will definitely come to no good end." The article is directed at leaders such as Hua Guofeng who presided over the central work.

　　　　　　　　Around this time, the activities of the Gang of Four conspiring to usurp power were even more explicit. On October 1st, Jiang Qing made a speech in Tsinghua University, warning everyone: "There will be someone who will reverse his conviction for him", and said: "I also want to swear to you young people that you must exercise well and fight with them. Class struggle and line struggle are still long." On October 3rd, when Wang Hongwen spoke in Pinggu County, Beijing, he declared: "The Central Committee has revisionism. What will you do? Down! " "There may be Tang Xiaoping, Wang Xiaoping and the like in the future, so be alert!" "Look at revisionism with your eyes wide open."

The older generation of revolutionaries turned the crisis around

　　　　　　　　Ye Jianying, Li Xiannian and many other revolutionaries of the older generation were deeply worried by the activities of the Gang of Four to usurp the party and seize power. Most of them are in a difficult situation, but they still exchange information through various channels and forms, put forward suggestions to reverse the crisis, and brew solutions to the problem of the Gang of Four. Hua Guofeng, Ye Jianying, Li Xiannian, Wang Dongxing and others, after careful consideration and repeated discussions, and with the consent of most comrades in the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, decided to take measures to isolate and censor the Gang of Four.

　　　　　　　　At 8 pm on October 6, Hua Guofeng and Ye Jianying convened a The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) meeting in Huairentang, Zhongnanhai, and informed Yao Wenyuan to attend. When Zhang Chunqiao, Wang Hongwen and Yao Wenyuan arrived in the conference room successively, they announced that they would be quarantined for review. At the same time, send someone to Zhongnanhai Jiang Qing’s residence to announce the implementation of the same decision. The evil gang of four was smashed in one fell swoop. At the same time, the Party Central Committee sent people to take over the central propaganda organizations controlled by the Gang of Four, such as Xinhua News Agency, china national radio and People’s Daily. At 10 o’clock that night, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an emergency meeting of the Political Bureau, decided to smash the major issues of the party and the country after the Gang of Four, and unanimously passed the resolution that Hua Guofeng was appointed as Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (to be ratified by the Third Plenary Session of the Tenth Central Committee of the Party).

　　　　　　　　From October 7 to 14, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held a greeting meeting in batches in Beijing attended by the central party, government and military organs, the heads of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and major military regions, and reported the decisive measures taken against the Gang of Four and the resolution of the CPC Central Committee on Hua Guofeng’s appointment as Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Chairman of the Central Military Commission. The meeting exposed the conspiracy and crimes of the Gang of Four to usurp the party and seize power, arranged the important work of the party and the state after the downfall of the Gang of Four, and determined the policy of both solving problems and stabilizing the situation. On October 8th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made two decisions: First, establish a memorial hall for President Mao Zedong in Beijing, and move the crystal coffin containing Mao Zedong’s body into the hall, so that the masses can pay tribute to his remains. Second, publish the fifth volume of Selected Works of Mao Zedong as soon as possible, and prepare for the publication of The Complete Works of Mao Zedong.

Disintegrate the armed rebellion in Shanghai in advance

　　　　　　　　After the backbone of the Gang of Four in Shanghai found out that Jiang Qing and others had been quarantined and censored, they immediately mobilized urgently in an attempt to launch an armed rebellion. They organized the command team, mobilized the militia, used a variety of guns and vehicles, concentrated a lot of materials and food, and deployed specific steps of armed rebellion, preparing for a final struggle to save Jiang Qing’s counter-revolutionary group. They are also going to publish a letter to the people of the whole city, and put forward slogans such as "Give me back Jiang Qing, give me back the Spring Bridge, give me back Wen Yuan and give me back Hong Wen". The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China anticipated the problems in Shanghai and took effective measures in time to control the situation in Shanghai. The plot of Jiang Qing’s counter-revolutionary group to launch an armed coup collapsed in an instant. After the plot of Jiang Qing’s counter-revolutionary group to instigate an armed coup in Shanghai was shattered, the people of Shanghai denounced the Gang of Four and swept the city.

　　　　　　　　On October 18th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Notice on Wang Hongwen, Zhang Chunqiao, Jiang Qing and Yao Wenyuan’s Anti-Party Group Events" to the county-level party organizations, informing them of the crimes of the Gang of Four and Mao Zedong’s criticism of them since February 1974, calling on the whole party to unite closely and launch a struggle to expose and criticize the Gang of Four, and hoping that comrades who made mistakes, including serious mistakes, would wake up as soon as possible. The "Notice" also emphasizes: in the struggle, we should pay attention to policies, expand the scope of education, narrow the scope of attack, and treat people who make mistakes differently; The struggle against the Gang of Four is always carried out under the leadership of Party committees, and effective measures should be taken to eliminate factionalism.

“举国上下一片欢腾”

　　　　　　　　粉碎“四人帮”的消息一经公开，全国各族人民欣喜若狂，举国上下一片欢腾。从10月21日至30日，全国29个省、市、自治区和人民解放军各部队举行盛大集会和游行，拥护党中央粉碎“四人帮”的果断措施，庆祝粉碎“四人帮”的重大胜利。工人、农民、解放军和学生代表纷纷发言，称颂粉碎“四人帮”是为党锄奸，为国除害，为民平愤。21日，首都北京150万军民举行声势浩大的庆祝游行。从清晨开始，一队又一队各界群众高举红旗，敲锣打鼓，从四面八方涌向天安门广场。天安门广场上红旗如林，歌声、锣鼓声、鞭炮声、口号声响成一片。人们载歌载舞，开怀畅饮，很多大中城市的烟花爆竹销售一空，大小商店的酒柜前排起了长队。有30多个国家和地区的电视台收录并播放了首都百万群众在天安门广场举行庆祝大会的实况。香港、澳门各界爱国同胞也举行了庆祝集会。关心祖国命运的海外华侨欢欣鼓舞，表示“心中的一块石头落了地”。

　　　　　　　　Crushing Jiang Qing’s counter-revolutionary clique is a struggle carried out by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee in a special way under the extraordinary situation by carrying out the will of the Party and the people. This is a great victory achieved by the long-term struggle of the whole party, the whole army and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country. Hua Guofeng, Ye Jianying and Li Xiannian played an important role in the struggle to crush Jiang Qing’s counter-revolutionary clique. The crushing of Jiang Qing’s counter-revolutionary clique realized the common will of the Party and the people, saved the Party, the country and the socialist cause in China from the crisis, and created the premise for realizing the great turning point of the Party’s history.

　　　　　　　　Jiang Qing and others pushed the "Left" mistakes to extremes in the "Cultural Revolution" and committed countless crimes. From November 1980 to January 1981, Lin Biao and Jiang Qing, two counter-revolutionary groups that caused disasters to our country and nation during the "Cultural Revolution", were prosecuted by the the Supreme People’s Procuratorate Special Prosecutor’s Office and tried in public by the the Supreme People’s Court Special Court. The trial of two counter-revolutionary groups, Lin Biao and Jiang Qing, according to law is of great significance for the political life of the party and the country to turn into the legal track, and has achieved a historic turning point in restoring and rebuilding China’s judicial system.(History Research Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China: History of communist party, Volume II (1949-1978), History of the Communist Party of China Press, January 2011)　

Consciously be a faithful follower of the party’s innovative theory (thinking freely)

　　Only with strong theory can we be Fang Xiangming, United and confident. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made an important instruction at the beginning of the training course for young and middle-aged cadres of the Central Party School (National School of Administration) in the spring semester of 2024, emphasizing: "We should consciously be a faithful follower of the party’s innovative theory." Young cadres, as a new force in the development of the cause of the Party and the country, can withstand all kinds of tests, walk steadily and go far, shoulder the heavy responsibility entrusted by the Party and the country, and run the baton of history well.

　　Theoretical accomplishment is the core of cadres’ comprehensive quality. The deeper you understand and master the Party’s innovation theory, the more you can strengthen your ideals and beliefs and enhance your initiative, creativity and foresight. The firmness of ideals and beliefs comes from the firmness of ideological theory. The Communist Party of China (CPC) people’s ideals and beliefs are based on a profound understanding of Marxism and a profound grasp of historical laws. Young cadres’ in-depth study of the party’s innovative theory can deepen their rational understanding of the party’s nature, purpose and initial mission, enhance their high recognition of the party’s value pursuit and direction, and thus strengthen their political beliefs and enhance their party spirit. At present, comprehensively promoting the unprecedented great cause of Chinese modernization also puts forward new and higher requirements for young cadres to enhance their theoretical literacy. Only by constantly strengthening theoretical study and consolidating theoretical foundation can we better understand the law, clear the direction, learn methods and increase wisdom from the party’s innovative theory, overcome the panic of skills, fill in the shortcomings of skills, consciously observe new situations, study new situations and solve new problems with Marxist theory, and make all work move in the right direction and in accordance with objective laws.

　　Belief is the premise of action, and only when faith is firm can action be strong. To be a faithful follower of the Party’s innovative theory consciously, we should deeply understand the truth power and practical power of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, the decisive significance of "two establishment", and constantly enhance the political identity, ideological identity, theoretical identity and emotional identity of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, so as to be pious, persistent, faithful and profound. Consciously use this important thought to transform the subjective world, and truly learn firm belief, absolute loyalty and mission responsibility. Young cadres should put themselves into their study, learn deeply and carefully, study and analyze, inquire into their hearts and touch their souls, from which they can get the guiding light to keep their political qualities forever, and get the source of motivation for unremitting struggle, so as to make the foundation of faith stronger and the calcium of spirit more abundant.

　　The more you do, the deeper your trust. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era was founded and developed in the great practice of adhering to and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, which embodies the distinctive characteristics of combining theory with practice and unifying epistemology and methodology. The purpose of studying the Party’s innovation theory is to apply it. It is in guiding and promoting practice that scientific theory shows its unique charm and powerful strength. Young cadres should fully grasp the practical requirements of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, creatively carry out their work in combination with the actual reform and development of the region and the department, seek truth and understand the true meaning in practice, and make up for shortcomings in quality and weaknesses in strength and ability in practice. Deeply grasp the world outlook and methodology in Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, take it as the "master key" to study and solve problems, optimize their own thinking methods and working methods, better solve the problems that restrict the construction of a new development pattern and promote high-quality development, the pain points and difficulties in the development environment and people’s livelihood, and the hot issues that go against social fairness and justice, etc., so as to promote the development of the cause and truly learn the Marxist housekeeping skills in the real work.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology officially announced the Outline of National Integrated Circuit Industry Development Promotion.

　　With the consent of the State Council, the Outline for Promoting the Development of National Integrated Circuit Industry is hereby promulgated as follows:

　　Outline of national integrated circuit industry development promotion

　　The integrated circuit industry is the core of the information technology industry, and it is a strategic, basic and leading industry that supports economic and social development and guarantees national security. The current and future period is an important strategic opportunity period and a crucial period for the development of China’s integrated circuit industry. In order to accelerate the development of China’s integrated circuit industry, this outline is specially formulated.

　　I. Current situation and situation

　　In recent years, driven by the market and supported by policies, China’s integrated circuit industry has developed rapidly, and its overall strength has been significantly improved. The gap between the design and manufacturing capabilities of integrated circuits and the international advanced level has been narrowing, and the packaging and testing technology has gradually approached the international advanced level. Some key equipment and materials have been adopted by production lines at home and abroad, and a number of key enterprises with certain international competitiveness have emerged, and the industrial agglomeration effect has become increasingly obvious. However, there are still some outstanding problems in the IC industry, such as chip manufacturing enterprises’ financing difficulties, weak ability of continuous innovation, industrial development out of line with market demand, lack of coordination among all links in the industrial chain, and imperfect policy environment to adapt to industrial characteristics. Compared with advanced countries (regions), there is still a big gap in the level of industrial development, and IC products are heavily dependent on imports, which is difficult to form a strong support for building the core competitiveness of national industries and ensuring information security.

　　At present, the global integrated circuit industry is entering a period of major adjustment and change. On the one hand, the global market structure has been adjusted rapidly, the investment scale has risen rapidly, and the market share has been concentrated in advantageous enterprises. On the other hand, mobile intelligent terminals and chips are growing explosively, new formats such as cloud computing, Internet of Things and big data are developing rapidly, and there is a new trend in the evolution of integrated circuit technology. China has the largest integrated circuit market in the world, and the market demand will continue to grow rapidly. Under the new situation, the development of China’s integrated circuit industry is facing both great challenges and rare opportunities. We should give full play to market advantages, create a good development environment, stimulate the vitality and creativity of enterprises, drive the coordinated and sustainable development of industrial chains, accelerate the pace of catching up and surpassing, and strive to achieve the leap-forward development of integrated circuit industry.

　　Second, the overall requirements

　　(1) Guiding ideology.

　　Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development, we should thoroughly study and understand the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee, implement the various decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation, give full play to the role of the government, highlight the dominant position of enterprises, take demand as the guide, take the whole machine and system as the traction, take design as the leader, and take equipment and materials as the support. With technological innovation, model innovation and institutional innovation as the driving force, we will crack the bottleneck of industrial development, promote key breakthroughs and overall upgrading of the integrated circuit industry, achieve leapfrog development, and provide strong support for the transformation of economic development mode, national security and overall national strength improvement.

　　(2) Basic principles.

　　Demand traction. Relying on market advantages, facing a large number of key complete machines and information consumption needs, we will improve the market adaptability and effective supply level of enterprises and build an industrial chain of "chip-software-complete machine-system-information service".

　　Driven by innovation. Strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in technological innovation, increase research and development, break through a number of key technologies of integrated circuits in combination with the implementation of major national science and technology projects, and jointly promote mechanism innovation and business model innovation.

　　Soft and hard combination. Strengthen the collaborative innovation of integrated circuit design and software development, promote software development with the improvement of hardware performance, promote hardware technology progress with the optimization and upgrading of software, and promote the overall development level of information technology industry.

　　Key breakthrough. Strengthen the combination of market demand and technology development to achieve rapid development in key areas involving national security and great market potential and good industrial foundation.

　　Open development. Make full use of global resources, promote the open innovation and development of all links in the industrial chain, strengthen international exchanges and cooperation, and enhance its position and influence in the global industrial competition pattern.

　　(3) development goals.

　　By 2015, the innovation of the development system and mechanism of the integrated circuit industry has achieved remarkable results, and a financing platform and policy environment suitable for the law of industrial development have been established. The sales revenue of the integrated circuit industry exceeds 350 billion yuan. Integrated circuit design technology in some key areas such as mobile intelligent terminal and network communication is close to the international first-class level. The 32/28 nanometer (nm) manufacturing process realizes mass production, and the sales revenue of high-end packaging and testing accounts for more than 30% of the total revenue of the packaging and testing industry. Key materials such as 65-45nm key equipment and 12-inch silicon wafers are applied in the production line.

　　By 2020, the gap between the integrated circuit industry and the international advanced level will gradually narrow, the average annual growth rate of sales revenue of the whole industry will exceed 20%, and the sustainable development ability of enterprises will be greatly enhanced. Integrated circuit design technologies in key areas such as mobile intelligent terminals, network communication, cloud computing, Internet of Things and big data have reached the international leading level, and an industrial ecosystem has taken shape. 16/14nm manufacturing technology has achieved mass production, packaging and testing technology has reached the international leading level, key equipment and materials have entered the international procurement system, and an advanced, safe and reliable integrated circuit industry system has basically been built.

　　By 2030, the main links of the integrated circuit industry chain will reach the international advanced level, and a number of enterprises will enter the international first echelon to achieve leapfrog development.

　　III. Main tasks and development priorities

　　(A) focus on the development of integrated circuit design industry. Focusing on the industrial chain of key areas, we will strengthen the collaborative innovation of integrated circuit design, software development, system integration, content and service, and promote the development of manufacturing industry with the rapid growth of design industry. Recently, we have focused on the field of mobile intelligent terminals and network communication, and developed a large number of mobile intelligent terminal chips, digital TV chips, network communication chips, smart wearable device chips and operating systems to enhance the overall competitiveness of the information technology industry. Give play to the role of market mechanism, guide and promote the merger and reorganization of integrated circuit design enterprises. Accelerate the research and development of core technologies in emerging fields such as cloud computing, Internet of Things and big data, and develop key chips such as information processing, sensors and new storage based on new formats and new applications, and basic software such as cloud operating system to seize the commanding heights of future industrial development. We will gradually break through key integrated circuits and embedded software such as smart cards, smart grids, intelligent transportation, satellite navigation, industrial control, financial electronics, automotive electronics and medical electronics in different fields and categories, and improve our support for the deep integration of informationization and industrialization.

　　(2) Accelerate the development of integrated circuit manufacturing. Seize the favorable opportunity of technological change, break through the bottleneck of investment and financing, and continue to promote the construction of advanced production lines. Accelerate the expansion of 45/40nm chip production capacity, step up the construction of 32/28nm chip production line, and quickly form a large-scale production capacity. Accelerate the development of three-dimensional technology and promote the construction of 22/20nm and 16/14nm chip production lines. Vigorously develop special process production lines such as analog and digital-analog mixed circuits, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), high-voltage circuits and radio-frequency circuits. Enhance the comprehensive ability of chip manufacturing, promote the design level with the improvement of process ability, and promote the supporting development of key equipment and materials with the construction of production line.

　　(3) Improve the development level of advanced packaging and testing industry. Vigorously promote the merger and reorganization of domestic packaging and testing enterprises and improve industrial concentration. To meet the needs of the evolution and upgrading of integrated circuit design and manufacturing process nodes, the development and industrialization of advanced packaging and testing technologies such as chip-level packaging (CSP), wafer-level packaging (WLP), through silicon vias (TSV) and three-dimensional packaging will be carried out.

　　(4) Breakthrough the key equipment and materials of integrated circuits. Strengthen the integration of integrated circuit equipment, materials and technology, research and develop key equipment such as mask aligner, etching machine and ion implanter, develop key materials such as photoresist and large-size silicon wafer, strengthen the cooperation between integrated circuit manufacturing enterprises and equipment and materials enterprises, accelerate the industrialization process and enhance the supporting capacity of industries.

　　Fourth, safeguard measures

　　(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. Set up a national leading group for the development of integrated circuit industry, responsible for the overall coordination of the development and promotion of integrated circuit industry, strengthen the top-level design, integrate and mobilize resources from all sides, and solve major problems. The establishment of an advisory committee to carry out investigation and study on major issues and policies and measures of industrial development, conduct demonstration and evaluation, and provide advice.

　　(two) the establishment of national industrial investment fund. The National Industrial Investment Fund (hereinafter referred to as the Fund) mainly attracts large enterprises, financial institutions and social funds, focuses on supporting the development of integrated circuits and other industries, and promotes industrial transformation and upgrading. The fund implements market-oriented operation, focusing on supporting the field of integrated circuit manufacturing, taking into account the links of design, packaging and testing, equipment and materials, promoting enterprises to improve their production capacity, implementing mergers and acquisitions, standardizing corporate governance, and forming a benign self-development capability. Support the establishment of local integrated circuit industry investment funds. Encourage all kinds of venture capital and equity investment funds to enter the field of integrated circuits.

　　(3) Increase financial support. Give full play to the complementary advantages of policy and commercial finance, support The Export-Import Bank of China to increase its services to integrated circuit enterprises within its business scope, encourage and guide China Development Bank and commercial banks to continue to increase their credit support for the integrated circuit industry, and innovate credit products and services that meet the needs of the integrated circuit industry. Support IC enterprises to list and raise funds at home and abroad, issue various debt financing tools and accelerate their development by relying on the national share transfer system for small and medium-sized enterprises. Encourage the development of loan guarantee insurance and credit insurance business, and explore and develop insurance products and services suitable for the development of integrated circuit industry.

　　(4) Implementing tax support policies. Further intensify efforts to implement the Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing Some Policies to Encourage the Development of Software Industry and Integrated Circuit Industry (Guo Fa [2000] No.18) and the Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing Some Policies to Further Encourage the Development of Software Industry and Integrated Circuit Industry (Guo Fa [2011] No.4), speed up the formulation and improvement of relevant implementation rules and supporting measures, maintain policy stability, and implement enterprise income tax concessions for integrated circuit packaging, testing, special materials and equipment. Implement and improve corporate income tax, value-added tax, business tax and other tax policies that support the merger and reorganization of integrated circuit enterprises. We will continue to implement the import duty-free policy for qualified major technical equipment and key components and raw materials of integrated circuits, as well as the import duty-free policy for key equipment, components and raw materials that cannot be produced in China for major scientific and technological projects, and adjust the list or catalogue of duty-free imported goods in a timely manner.

　　(5) Strengthen the popularization and application of safe and reliable software and hardware. Organize the implementation of safe and reliable key software and hardware application promotion plan, and promote the use of advanced technology, safe and reliable integrated circuits, basic software and complete machine systems on the principle of key breakthrough, separate deployment and step-by-step implementation. The government procurement part of various projects benefiting the people to expand domestic demand and major information projects supported by financial funds shall purchase products based on safe and reliable software and hardware. Encourage basic telecommunications and Internet enterprises to purchase complete machines and systems based on safe and reliable software and hardware. Make full use of policies and measures to expand information consumption, and promote the development and application of various terminals based on safe and reliable software and hardware. Facing the emerging application fields such as mobile Internet, cloud computing, Internet of Things, big data, etc., we will accelerate the construction of a standard system and support the development and application of safe and reliable software and hardware.

　　(6) Strengthening the innovation capability of enterprises. Promote the formation of a collaborative innovation system between upstream and downstream of the industrial chain and support the development of industrial alliances. Encourage enterprises to set up integrated circuit technology research institutions, cooperate with scientific research institutes and universities to carry out research and development of common key technologies before competition, introduce overseas high-level talents, and enhance the ability of industrial sustainable development. Strengthen the application and protection of intellectual property rights of integrated circuits, establish an intellectual property risk management system for major national projects, guide the establishment of intellectual property strategic alliances, and actively explore direct financing methods and asset management systems related to intellectual property rights. Accelerate the formation of standards in the field of major innovations in integrated circuits and give full play to the role of technical standards.

　　(7) Strengthen the training and introduction of talents. Establish and improve the integrated circuit talent training system, support the development of microelectronics, and accelerate the construction and development of demonstration microelectronics colleges and microelectronics vocational training institutions through joint training of talents between universities and integrated circuit enterprises. Relying on the knowledge renewal project of professional and technical personnel, we will extensively carry out continuing education activities and take various forms to vigorously train and train high-level, urgently needed and backbone professional and technical personnel in the field of integrated circuits. Carry out targeted overseas (border) training programs to promote the construction of international training bases for national software and integrated circuit talents. Strengthen the funding guarantee for the introduction of software and integrated circuit talents through existing channels. In the "Thousand Talents Program", we will further increase support for the introduction of outstanding talents in the field of integrated circuits, and study and introduce preferential introduction policies for outstanding entrepreneurs and high-quality technical and management teams. Support IC enterprises to strengthen cooperation with overseas R&D institutions. We will improve the distribution and incentive mechanism to encourage innovation and creation, and implement income distribution policies such as equity, option incentive and reward for the transformation of scientific research achievements of scientific and technological personnel.

　　(8) Continue to open wider to the outside world. Further optimize the environment, vigorously attract foreign capital, technology and talents, and encourage international integrated circuit enterprises to build R&D, production and operation centers in China. Encourage domestic integrated circuit enterprises to expand international cooperation, integrate international resources and expand the international market. Give play to the role of cross-strait economic cooperation mechanism and encourage cross-strait integrated circuit enterprises to strengthen technical and industrial cooperation.

Science education is based on inquiry.

Science education for primary and middle school students should conform to children’s cognitive characteristics, care for their innate curiosity and imagination, and help them appreciate the wonderful fun of observing, thinking and experimenting like scientists.　　　　


　


Although there are many opinions on how to add science education in the "double reduction" of education, there is a consensus that strengthening science education is not only to increase the teaching of scientific knowledge, but also to cultivate scientific literacy. Scientific literacy has the characteristics of multi-factor and multi-dimensional organic integration, including not only scientific knowledge and methods, but also scientific thinking, scientific attitude and scientific spirit. From the perspective of education, every subject, every scene and every link related to literacy cultivation cannot be separated from inquiry. Whether it’s questioning, model building, hypothetical experiment, problem solving, system discovery, innovation and development … The whole process of exploring with the germination, jointing, flowering and results of scientific literacy is filled in the life experience of every subject of science education. It can be said that science education is alive and smart because of inquiry. Facing the future, science education for teenagers should be based on inquiry.


As a biological term, "root" is an important organ of plants, which is mainly responsible for absorbing water and minerals, fixing plants and storing nutrients. Its morphological structure can be changed according to plant species and growth environment. In the Chinese culture, which highly values understanding things, "root" has long gone beyond its original meaning and has multiple meanings such as root, root, root cause and basis. No matter how complicated and ever-changing things are, only by nourishing their roots and guarding their foundations can they be deeply rooted and endless. Science education for primary and middle school students should conform to children’s cognitive characteristics, care for their innate curiosity and imagination, and help them appreciate the wonderful fun of observing, thinking and experimenting like scientists. Only in this way can the seeds of scientific innovation take root in their hearts and grow wantonly, and then become a habit and a state of life. Inquiry is not only a way of learning, but also a scientific attitude, and it is also an innovative quality, which indicates that learners gain happiness, satisfaction and sense of accomplishment in learning, scientific research and creation through self-attempt, thus laying a solid foundation for lifelong enthusiasm for scientific exploration. Inquiry is of great value to science education. The inquiry characteristics of science education are fully demonstrated in a multi-level sense.


One is the premise of the experiment. Experiments in science education must be based on inquiry. Without the examination and discussion of phenomena and previous experience, the birth of research problems lacks cognitive basis and theoretical basis. Inquiry, as the premise of experiment, is often manifested as questioning and questioning. In the process of questioning and questioning, everyone can express their opinions and brainstorm, so that new ideas can be generated and the experimental direction can be clarified. As the saying goes, "the trace of suspicion must be observed", only by finding the driving problem that is really worth exploring and investigating, and roughly clarifying the ins and outs, can we preset the solution to the problem and start the scientific experiment pointing to new discoveries and inventions. Science education is guided by questions, and starts from questioning and exploring.


The second is the learning content. Inquiry does not lie in science education, but stays at the entrance of science education, but advances with science education and becomes a part of science education content. Because the purpose of science education is to "guide students to participate in inquiry practice extensively, combine learning with thinking, entertain and entertain, consciously acquire scientific knowledge, cultivate scientific spirit, improve scientific quality … and weave the dream of becoming a scientist". Guiding students to think, explore and solve problems like scientists is the natural move and practical action of science education.


The third is the way of thinking. If inquiry, as an experimental premise or learning content, is separated from science educators to some extent, then from the perspective of thinking mode, inquiry is really integrated into teaching wisdom. In the design of science education teaching scheme, teachers’ inquiry thinking can’t be absent. On the basis of insight into the learning situation and analysis of problems, teachers can correctly preset various problems that may occur in the experiment and explore solutions. Only in the process of implementation can they meet the river and bridge the ladder, leading students to the other side of science. As the saying goes, "those who teach, grow good and save those who lose", "what is done above, what is done below". When teachers implement science education with inquiry thinking, students will acquire inquiry thinking through immersion experience.


The fourth is the necessary character. The cultivation of scientific literacy is indispensable to interrogation and reflection on existing cognitive schemes and investigation and identification of existing facts. It is an essential feature and character of science education to bring interrogation, reflection and investigation into the thinking process and integrate it into the content of science education. In other words, inquiry is the internal need of the implementation of science education and the driving force for the promotion of science education. Without inquiry, there is no real science education; If we don’t plant the roots of inquiry, it will be difficult to see the effectiveness of science education.


Inquiry contains the spirit of reflection, experiment and identification, which has both negative actions and constructive pursuit. Exploration in a complete sense is the dialectical unity of cracking and constructing, denying and affirming, keeping right and innovating. Healthy, active and scientific exploration should strive to achieve the unity of the following aspects.


The first is the unity of scientific inquiry and value inquiry. Scientific inquiry is an inquiry based on facts, in order to pursue the truth and help to establish the truth. It combs and examines the existing cognition and scheme based on the facts or conditions that have been presented, so as to reveal the essence of things and find the law of things’ operation under the conditions of teaching experiments. Value inquiry is an inquiry based on belief, the pursuit of meaning and the establishment of spirit. Based on the value judgment of rejuvenating the country through science and education and cultivating people through virtue, it discriminates and chooses the existing education and teaching ideas, so as to provide direction and adjust the thinking and behavior of teachers and students and clarify the goal of individual growth. The two are not independent, and scientific inquiry contains the content of value inquiry, and value inquiry must also take scientific inquiry as a reference.


The second is the unity of students’ inquiry and teachers’ inquiry. Guiding students to explore and demonstrating existing knowledge and related experiments is an indispensable link and content of scientific literacy cultivation. But at the same time, this process also needs the follow-up of teachers’ inquiry, that is, to constantly revise, enrich and improve their teaching plans and learning scaffolding in response to students’ questions. Students’ inquiry and teachers’ inquiry in science education are closely related. Only emphasizing students’ inquiry while ignoring teachers’ inquiry, science education will inevitably fall into dogma and rigidity, and cannot effectively deal with students’ problems and challenges.


The third is the unity of cognitive inquiry and fact inquiry. The inquiry of science education itself presents as a cognitive inquiry, which includes the doubt and construction of cognition, the exploration and experience of scientific thinking, scientific attitude and scientific spirit, but the inquiry of cognitive concepts cannot be regarded as the whole of science education. Fact inquiry and material inquiry are the transformation, change and innovation of existing things, and their significance is also extraordinary. Although cognitive inquiry is helpful to the transformation of reality, it can’t replace practical strength and material strength after all. Only in fact inquiry, by transforming matter with practice, can the endogenous energy of inquiry be fully released.


Cultivating young people who have the potential of scientists and are willing to devote themselves to scientific research, and laying a solid foundation for building a socialist modern power in an all-round way, can not be separated from the practice and innovation of science education. Science education needs to strengthen the consciousness of inquiry, attach importance to cultivating inquiry thinking, and make inquiry an internal driving force to support students’ lifelong curiosity, continuous exploration and invention.


(The author is the Department of Teacher Affairs of the Ministry of Education)

China Education News, March 28th, 2024, 7th edition.　

Only see the reversal？ The theme of good and evil in Nothing Can’t be Solved by Hot Pot is more worthy of scrutiny.

This year’s May 1st movies are a bit like fairy fights, and there are many high-scoring movies. Among them, Yang Mi starred in "Nothing Can’t Be Solved in a Hot Pot". However, this film is facing the downward screening. A malicious netizen said mercilessly: Is it useless that a bad-looking movie will become better if it is rescheduled? But is this movie really that bad?

You may not know what it’s about just by looking at the name. It’s actually a suspense comedy, which is somewhat similar to a well-received movie "Make a Famous Name". It’s all a script-killing mode, and there are not many scenes (there are only two scenes in total), and there are not many characters (only five important characters, and other characters have no names or faces), but there are many reversals to catch horses.

As long as the plot is not too far-fetched, the multi-reversal movie is quite attractive and can realize the whole process without urine. "Nothing can’t be solved in a hot pot" tells the story that four netizens decided to steal the corrupt money hidden by a corrupt official at home. It seems that all four people confessed to each other before they acted, but in the end, they didn’t expect that all four people had their own secrets, and three of them were inextricably linked with this corrupt official. The more they got behind, the more unexpected they were.

From the experience of watching movies, because the film adopts a mode similar to script killing, plus a very rich reversal plot, for example, I thought I was going to make a fortune, but I didn’t expect to bring another suitcase with a person; The chicken played by Yang Mi is actually the lover of a corrupt official. There are also many exciting plots, such as doing bad things and almost being found out. Therefore, overall, it is very substitutive.

But is there really no loophole in the plot arrangement? If it was really perfect, there wouldn’t be so many bad reviews! As I said at the beginning, I may not know what this movie is talking about when I see the name. In fact, even if I look at the whole movie, there will still be a sense of disobedience that hot pot and plot are difficult to blend together. This tense plot is advancing, suddenly sitting down to eat a hot pot, which greatly affects the thinking, deliberately and abruptly.

The reversals mentioned above are the same as hot pot, which seems to be a plot designed for drama. There are too many coincidences and they appear in full swing at the end. This shock wave is so big that people think that this movie is just to catch horses. In fact, this is not a comfortable narrative way.

Having said that, the shortcomings of "Nothing can’t be solved in a hot pot" are really obvious, but the author still wants to say that the film as a whole can get an "excellent", thanks to its core theme. An excellent film can’t be separated from its plot presentation, and it can’t be separated from its "lining". What does it want to explain through this story and what the audience can easily understand?

There are not many characters in "Nothing can’t be solved in a hot pot", but they have a lot of hearts! Unlike most movies, which like to create absolutely positive characters, this movie tends to highlight the dark side of the characters. The four protagonists knew that it was not simple when they first appeared on the stage. After all, who can understand the hint of Jiubing in WeChat group?

As the plot progresses, their images become more and more three-dimensional, and everyone has their own characteristics. The chicken played by Yang Mi is very "ghost", rushing to do it for his own benefit, pushing it to others for his own disadvantage, and his force value and camouflage power are super high; The nine cakes played by Yu Qian are also quite scheming, and they are greedy and will lie. Yu Ailei plays the role of making a fortune, others want to solve it by violence if they don’t follow their own wishes, and they also love to challenge others’ bottom line; The 70,000 played by Li Jiuxiao is more simple, with no brains and a headstrong man.

Later, Director Fu, played by Tian Yu, was pure bad, greedy and unfaithful. To some extent, they are all villains. Facing the huge amount of corrupt officials, the four-person leading group stole them and planned to take them for themselves. They lied about how to divide the money. But when the relationship between these five people was clarified, when everyone’s inner mystery was uncovered, the leading group finally woke up and made the right choice.

In fact, people’s good and evil are only between thoughts. Don’t be greedy and hide evil thoughts. What is your own is your own, not your own, so you don’t have to force it. This is the truth that "Nothing can’t be solved with a hot pot" wants to make clear with a winding plot. It is simple but not superficial, but many people can’t do it, and may not agree. But after watching this movie, I have an epiphany on this matter.

Therefore, the film is wonderful and profound enough. If you don’t just stare at the reversed plot, but think deeply about the truth behind the comedy, "Nothing can’t be solved by a hot pot" will not be so unbearable.

Ohio： the birthplace of space heroes

As early as 13,000 years ago BC, human beings lived and multiplied in the Ohio Canyon, and in the long years that followed, it gradually became an important distribution area for Indian tribes in North America. The name "Ohi-yo" comes from the Iroquois language, which means "great river" or "huge stream". The big river here refers to the famous Ohio River.

The State of Ohio is a state in the midwest of the United States. Geographically, the state is adjacent to Pennsylvania in the east, Michigan in the northwest, Ontario in Canada in the north through Lake Erie in the Great Lakes, and Indiana, West Virginia and Kentucky in the west, southwest and south. With its unique geographical location, especially near the Great Lakes, Ohio has become a very important transportation and trade hub in North America. A large number of freight and business traffic need to pass through its developed and perfect expressway system. Ohio currently has the tenth largest highway network in the United States, and the population and manufacturing capacity within a day’s drive reach 50% and 70% of the United States. Relying on the 502-kilometer waterway boundary brought by Lake Erie, Ohio has established many excellent ports in the north. Among the 50 states in the United States, Ohio ranks 34th in area, 7th in population and top 10 in population density. The state capital and largest city is Columbia. Interestingly, Ohio is rich in a kind of "Buckeye Tree", which bears fruit quite similar to chestnuts, hence the nickname "Buckeye State".

Ohio has been gradually incorporated into the global economic system since the 18th century. European colonists started fur business there, especially France established a control system for fur trade in Ohio. Until 1754, there was a large-scale war between Britain and France, which was called the French-Indian War in North America and the Seven Years’ War in continental Europe. Finally, with the signing of the Paris Treaty between Britain and France, France ceded Ohio and some northwest colonies to Britain. But not long after, a series of rebel movements broke out in Ohio, endangering the rule of British colonists. With the victory of the North American War of Independence, Britain surrendered all control of Ohio.

According to the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, the United States established the Northwest Territory, in which slavery was prohibited. According to the Northwest Regulations, as long as all areas in the territory reach the standard of 60,000 people, they can be established as states. Although by December 1801, the population of Ohio was only 45,000, according to the population growth in this area, the U.S. Congress believed that Ohio would soon meet the standards for statehood, so Ohio could start the statehood process. On February 19th, 1803, Thomas Jefferson, then President of the United States, signed the bill of Congress, ratified the border and constitution of Ohio, making it the 17th state of the United States. However, it is worth noting that the US Congress did not adopt a formal resolution to recognize this fact at that time. This oversight was not discovered until 1953, when Ohio coincided with the 150th anniversary of joining the Union. George H. Bender, a congressman from Ohio, submitted a bill to Congress, asking Congress to identify the date of the establishment of Ohio retroactively. On August 7 of that year, President Eisenhower signed a congressional resolution, which officially recognized March 1, 1803 as the establishment day of Ohio, because this day was the day when the first Ohio Parliament opened.

During the American Civil War, Ohio played an important role in the war because of its geographical location and large population. The state’s waterway and land transportation became the logistics supply line of the Northern Union. In addition, compared with other States, Ohio had the highest proportion of people participating in the war. According to an American historian’s estimation, about 35,000 Ohio soldiers were killed in the battlefield, and more than 30,000 others were seriously injured. By the end of the war, all three top federal generals-Ulysses Grant, William Sherman and Philip Sheridan-were from Ohio.

In addition to its outstanding contribution in the Civil War, Ohio also plays an extremely important role in American politics. It ranks with Virginia as the state that has produced the most American presidents so far, so it is known as the "hometown of presidents". Seven presidents, from President ulysses Grant to President Warren Harding, were born in Ohio. Coincidentally, they all came from the Republican Party. President william henry harrison spent most of his life in Ohio and was buried here after his death. In addition, Ohio is not only the cradle of the birth of the president, but also one of the most important swing states in recent decades. Now any politician who tries to enter the White House will regard Ohio as a battleground. Statistics show that since 1964, all the candidates who won Ohio have been elected president, and since the end of the American Civil War, Ohio has voted for the final winner 33 times in 37 general elections.

In addition to cultivating many outstanding politicians, Ohio has also written a book on human aerospace. On the quarter coin in Ohio, the images of the plane used by the Wright brothers for the first flight in human history and an astronaut are on the left and right respectively. The background of the pattern is the geographical outline of Ohio. On the left side of the coin is also engraved a sentence: "Birthplace of aviation pioneers". Interestingly, the design of this coin has attracted a lot of controversy. First, North Carolina, where the Wright brothers conducted flight tests, naturally regarded itself as the starting point of human aviation, which made the design of Ohio inevitably similar to that of North Carolina. Secondly, according to the relevant laws of the United States, people who are still alive can’t be used as the design material of the image on the coin, and John Glenn and Neil Armstrong, the first two famous astronauts in Ohio, even attended the issuing ceremony of the Ohio quarter. Although the astronaut image on the coin does not depict which astronaut in detail, the coin design is still suspected of violating the legal provisions.

In any case, these controversies can’t conceal Ohio’s outstanding contribution in cultivating its own aerospace heroes, especially the legendary chapter written by Green and Armstrong in the human aerospace industry. John green was born in Cambridge, Ohio in 1921. After graduating from college, Green served in the United States Marine Corps, participated in the Second World War and the Korean War, and later became a test pilot in the Navy. In 1957, Green set an intercontinental flight speed record by flying a fighter plane model F8U. It took him only 3 hours and 23 minutes to fly from LA to new york. Two years later, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) selected Green as one of the seven astronauts in the Mercury project, which made him destined to become a household name in American aerospace history.

In the history of human space flight, the Soviet Union and the United States once launched a soul-stirring competition in the 1950s and 1960s. Soviet astronaut yuri gagarin became the first man to go into space. The first astronaut to orbit the earth also came from the Soviet Union. This honor belongs to Germain Dimov, who achieved this great achievement on August 6th, 1961. It was not until the spring and summer of 1961 that American astronauts Alan Shepard and Virgil Grissom achieved sub-earth orbit flight and became the first American astronauts to go into space. For Green, his goal is to be the first American to orbit the earth. On February 20th, 1962, he took the project mercury Friendship 7 spacecraft to orbit the earth for three times, with the maximum height of 162 miles above the ground and the circling speed of 17,500 miles per hour. This is a very important achievement for Americans who are eager to catch up in this epic space race.

But few people know the hardships behind Green’s achievement. First of all, a fault in the automatic control system of the space plane made the plane deviate from the course, and Green had to turn to manual control to keep the plane at a relatively suitable height. Secondly, a sensor failure caused the system to remind Green that the space shuttle should be protected from overheating. Finally, the cushion used for landing failed to open completely. In a word, at the end of the five-hour flight and finally landed in the Pacific Ocean, Green felt extremely lucky that he could complete the task. In recognition of his feat, more than four million people in new york lined the streets to welcome Green and held a ribbon parade for him. With the reputation of being an astronaut, Green served as a senator in the United States Senate for 25 consecutive years. Until 1998, at the age of 77, he returned to space on the "Discovery" spacecraft, thus becoming the oldest human to fly in space and writing his name into the history of human development again.

Green’s achievements greatly boosted the morale of the whole United States. In his State of the Union address to Congress, then President John F. Kennedy promised to send American astronauts to the moon and return safely within ten years. This bold idea is undoubtedly ambitious. President Kennedy also said a famous motto to NASA officials and scientists: "We chose to go to the moon and achieve other great things in this era, not because of how easy they are, but because of how difficult they are."

Neil armstrong, born in Wapakoneta, Ohio in 1930, was finally chosen for the historic mission of landing on the moon. Armstrong graduated from Purdue University, then served as a naval pilot from 1949 to 1952, and participated in 78 battles in the Korean War. After the war, Amsterdam became a member of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, the predecessor of NASA, and served as a research and test pilot. In 1962, Armstrong became an astronaut, and four years later, he became the flight commander of Gemini 8. In this mission, Armstrong successfully completed the task of docking two aircrafts in the space station, which laid a solid foundation for his later participation in the Apollo Mission.

In the history of human exploration of space, there are not only shining moments, but also regrettable and sad moments. Success and failure are always intertwined, and for those astronauts who have just entered the aerospace industry with recent success, unknown risks are always with them. If they are not careful, they will not only "make a difference by a mile", but even die for it. On January 27th, 1967, in an experiment of an aircraft simulating landing on the moon on the earth’s surface, three astronauts of Apollo 1, Gus Grissom, Edward White and Roger Chaffee, died unfortunately because of a fire caused by oxygen leakage in the cabin. In the aircraft cabin, the pressure difference caused by the fire made the door firmly closed, and the three astronauts had no chance to escape. This accident was deeply imprinted on Armstrong’s mind.

On July 16th, 1969, Armstrong and two other astronauts, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins, took off from Cape Canaveral and officially started Apollo 11′ s lunar exploration journey. After three days’ flight, the Eagle module piloted by Armstrong and aldrin is ready to land in the "Sea of Tranquility" on the surface of the moon. When Eagle landed, a series of alarms sounded, reminding astronauts and mission control center in Houston, Texas that the computer data of the spacecraft’s basic control system was seriously overloaded. Aldrin ignored these warnings and took manual control to gradually guide the landing. As they approached the surface of the moon, the two astronauts found that the landing site was covered with pebbles. In order to land safely, aldrin can only keep the Eagle at an altitude of about 270 feet until they find a safer landing site. Three minutes later, they finally landed safely on the moon. It was extremely thrilling that they only had less than 7 seconds of fuel left at this time.

Everything that happened afterwards became a classic in human history: Armstrong became the first human to land on the surface of the moon. He and aldrin displayed an American flag on the moon, and also displayed a plaque engraved with words, which read: "The human from the earth landed on the moon for the first time, in July 1969. We come for the peace of all mankind. " Armstrong uttered a famous saying that resounded throughout the twentieth century: "This is a small step for individuals and a big step for all mankind!" After staying on the surface of the moon for 12 hours, Armstrong and aldrin left the moon to join Collins in orbit and return to Earth together. On July 24, 1969, the Apollo 11 return module landed in the Pacific Ocean. Nixon, then president of the United States, praised the three space heroes: "Because of your contribution, today, heaven has become a part of the human world." Looking back on this period of history, everyone will sincerely admire: Ohio is truly the hometown of heroes who gave birth to aerospace pioneers.　

Many people have diarrhea in the restaurant birthday banquet. The food and drug supervision department of the hospital responded： the investigation will be severely punished.



On October 9, the staff of the Food and Drug Administration of Jinjiang District, Chengdu inspected the kitchen in the restaurant involved.


　　The food and drug supervision department of Jinjiang District, Chengdu filed an investigation, and once verified, it will be severely punished.

　　editorial comment/note

　　Online sales of food must be registered with real names, food production licenses bid farewell to QS, mobile phone traffic is not cleared in a single month, and only one license is needed to start a new company. A number of new policies and regulations have been formally implemented since October, including the new version of the Food Safety Law and its supporting regulations, the Measures for the Administration of Food Production Licenses, the industrial and commercial business license, the organization code certificate and the tax registration certificate.

　　However, there are also some new policies that make people a little worried, such as the suspension of marriage certificates in marriage registration offices. This can be difficult for some citizens who are ready to buy a house for loans and guarantees. Don’t worry, at present, some departments and banks have introduced alternative measures: individuals sign declarations or commitments to prove their marital status.

　　Generally speaking, there is less running, and the "fear of the tip of the tongue" is smaller, and the people get benefits. However, for those who commit crimes against the wind, once verified, they will be greeted with the "most severe punishment in history".

　　On October 1st, the Food Safety Law, known as "the strictest in history", was officially implemented. Two days later, Liu Xian (a pseudonym), a citizen of Chengdu, invited a guest to dinner in a Chinese restaurant. However, on the night after dinner, relatives and friends showed symptoms such as gastrointestinal discomfort, and two people were diagnosed with acute enteritis because of diarrhea.

　　On October 4, Liu Xian suspected that he had eaten "unclean" food in the restaurant and reported the restaurant to the food and drug supervision department.

　　At present, the food and drug supervision department of Jinjiang District of Chengdu and the Jinjiang District CDC are involved in the investigation, and the two departments conduct sampling tests on the ingredients eaten by Liu Xian and others. Once it is verified that it is caused by food produced and sold in the restaurant, the food and drug supervision department of Jinjiang District of Chengdu will punish the restaurant according to the new Food Safety Law, and the starting penalty will be raised from the original minimum of 2,000 yuan to the minimum of 50,000 yuan.

　　Many people have diarrhea after the restaurant celebrates its birthday.

　　October 3rd is the birthday of Liu Xian’s family. At noon and evening that day, Liu Xian set six tables in a Chinese restaurant in Jinjiang District, Chengdu to celebrate his family’s birthday. After dinner, forty or fifty relatives and friends returned home.

　　Who knows, some relatives and friends appeared discomfort in the stomach that night. "On the evening of the 3 rd, someone went to the clinic to buy medicine." Law enforcement officers of the food and drug supervision department in Jinjiang District said that two of Liu Xian’s relatives and friends had diarrhea, and then they were taken to the hospital for infusion treatment and were diagnosed with acute enteritis.

　　The next day, under the treatment of the hospital, the condition of Liu Xian’s relatives and friends was effectively controlled. Liu Xian called 12331 to complain about this restaurant to Chengdu Food and Drug Administration.

　　After receiving the report, the two departments immediately sampled.

　　After receiving the hotline, the nearest food and drug administration immediately rushed to the scene to check the purchase channels of all food raw materials in the restaurant for the first time to see if the purchase procedures were legal and effective. Subsequently, the law enforcement officers of the Jinjiang District Food and Drug Administration Inspection Brigade also rushed to the scene to sample and sample the food raw materials of the restaurant. "Because it has been more than 12 hours since the report was made, law enforcement officers can’t do microbial testing on the dishes eaten by Liu Xian and others." Law enforcement officers of the food and drug supervision department of Jinjiang District said.

　　After the sampling is completed, the food samples are sent to a third-party testing institution for testing. "The main thing is to detect whether the food is spoiled and whether there is illegal addition." Law enforcement officials said that at the same time, Jinjiang District CDC also conducted a more comprehensive epidemiological test on the food and tableware in the restaurants involved to determine whether the acute enteritis suffered by Liu Xian’s relatives and friends is a food-borne disease.

　　At present, Jinjiang Food and Drug Administration has filed an investigation into the case, and both tests are in progress.

　　If it is verified that the minimum penalty of the old law is 2000, the minimum penalty of the new law is 50 thousand.

　　On October 9, the law enforcement officer in charge of investigating the case told the reporter that the law enforcement department will determine the responsibility of this matter based on two test results. Once it is verified that it is caused by food produced and sold in restaurants, according to the provisions of the Food Safety Law, food and food additives that produce and operate pathogenic microorganisms, pesticide residues, veterinary drug residues, biotoxins, heavy metals and other pollutants that are harmful to human health, or foods that are spoiled, rancid, moldy and unclean will be punished by the food and drug supervision departments at or above the county level.

　　Among them, the penalties of the old version of the Food Safety Law are: after confiscation of illegal income, raw materials, tools and other items, if the value of illegally produced and operated food and food additives is less than 10,000 yuan, a fine of 2,000 yuan to 5,000 yuan will be imposed; If the value of the goods is more than 10,000 yuan, a fine of more than 5 times and less than 10 times the value of the goods shall be imposed; If the circumstances are serious, the license shall be revoked.

　　"All cases filed after October 1st will be punished according to the new law." The law enforcement officer said that in view of this illegal act, in addition to confiscation of illegal income, raw materials, tools and other items, if the value of illegally produced and operated food and food additives is less than 10,000 yuan, a fine of 50,000 yuan to 100,000 yuan will be imposed; If the value of the goods is more than 10,000 yuan, a fine of more than 10 times and less than 20 times the value of the goods shall be imposed; If the circumstances are serious, the license shall be revoked.

　　"The new law is much stricter. The original minimum fine was 2,000 yuan, and now the minimum fine is 50,000 yuan. Once the punishment is verified, this will be the first ticket after the implementation of the new law. " The law enforcement officer said. Huaxi Dushi Bao reporter Wu Liufeng Photography Wu Xiaochuan

　　Extended reading/

　　Three highlights of the strictest Food Safety Law

　　Highlight 1 First negative responsibility system

　　The new "Food Safety Law" stipulates that producers and operators who receive consumer compensation claims should implement the first responsibility system, pay in advance, and must not shirk; If it is the producer’s responsibility, the operator has the right to recover from the producer after compensation; If it is the responsibility of the operator, the producer has the right to recover from the operator after compensation.

　　The core of the first responsibility system is to let consumers get compensation in time.

　　Highlight 2 Online food must be real name.

　　The vegetables and fruits purchased online are not fresh. What should I do if the return is troublesome and the suppliers and e-commerce platforms wrangle with each other?

　　The new "Food Safety Law" stipulates that selling food online requires real-name registration with a third-party platform, and those who should apply for a license according to law need to review the license. In addition, if the third-party platform provider of online food transaction cannot provide the real name, address and effective contact information of the online food operator when the consumers’ rights and interests of online food are damaged, the third-party platform provider of online food transaction will compensate.

　　Highlight 3 thousand yuan guaranteed compensation

　　The new "Food Safety Law" stipulates that in the production of food that does not meet the food safety standards or in the operation of food that is known to fail to meet the food safety standards, consumers can demand compensation from producers or operators for ten times the price or three times the loss; If the amount of additional compensation is less than 1,000 yuan, it will be 1,000 yuan. However, there are defects in food labels and instructions that do not affect food safety and will not mislead consumers.

　　As for the guaranteed compensation of 1,000 yuan, according to a survey conducted by Beijing Consumers Association, nearly 60% of consumers think that "this clause is very good", more than 30% of consumers are worried that "it is difficult to implement it" and nearly 10% of consumers think that "it is not conducive to dispute settlement".


Merger and acquisition of deep blue cars! Changan Automobile’s half-year profit fell by 63%

Recently, Changan Automobile released its 2024 interim results report. The financial report shows that in the first half of 2024, Changan Automobile achieved operating income of 6.723 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 17.15%; The net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies was 2.832 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 63.00%; The net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies after deducting non-recurring gains and losses was 1.169 billion yuan, down 5.89% year-on-year; During the reporting period, the total non-recurring profit and loss of Changan Automobile was 1.663 billion yuan, of which 1.471 billion yuan was included in the current profit and loss.

Sales volume is the main reason for the increase in operating income. In the first half of the year, the cumulative sales volume of Changan Automobile was 1.334 million units, up 9.7% year-on-year, which was the highest in the past seven years. Among them, the sales volume of new energy of independent brands was 299,000, a year-on-year increase of 69.9%; The overseas sales volume of independent brands was 203,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 74.9%; However, the high sales volume pushed up the revenue, but the profit dropped sharply by 63.00%. Changan Automobile said that it was mainly due to the acquisition of Deep Blue Automobile in the first quarter of 2023, and confirmed a non-recurring profit and loss of 5.021 billion yuan. After excluding the impact, Changan Automobile’s non-net profit decreased by 5.89% in the first half of the year. At the same time, although the sales volume has increased, it is not as profitable as before. In the first half of the year, Changan Automobile’s gross profit margin was 13.8%, down 2.54 percentage points compared with the same period. Some analysts pointed out that the decline in gross profit margin was due to the decline in the company’s fuel vehicle share and the loss of new energy vehicle brands under the background of industry price war.

At present, Changan Automobile’s main new energy brands include Deep Blue Automobile and Aouita Technology, but the financial performance of these two companies is still mixed. The sales revenue of Deep Blue Automobile and Aouita has increased substantially, and the losses have also narrowed, but they are still at a loss, which means that Deep Blue Automobile and Aouita still need to rely on their parent companies for "blood transfusion".

The financial report shows that in the first half of 2024, the revenue of Deep Blue Automobile was 13.981 billion yuan, with a net loss of 739 million yuan and a loss of 320 million yuan in the same period; Avita’s revenue was 6.152 billion yuan and its net loss was 1.395 billion yuan, a decrease of 360 million yuan compared with the same period. Changan said that due to the improvement of product structure, Deep Blue Automobile promoted cost reduction and efficiency increase, and its profit loss decreased year-on-year; Aouita benefited from the gradual enrichment of product lines, the improvement of product benefits and the year-on-year reduction of profit losses.

The data shows that the sales volume of Deep Blue cars in the first half of the year was 71,000, a year-on-year increase of 73.6%. Deng Chenghao, general manager of Deep Blue Auto, said during the 2024 Chengdu Auto Show that if Deep Blue Auto sells more than 30,000 vehicles a month, it can achieve profitability. At present, relying on the support of Chang ‘an, Deep Blue operates in the form of "light assets" in terms of factories and channels, and 90% of its distribution stores have achieved profitability.

As for Aouita Automobile, although its market size is not as large as that of Deep Blue Automobile, it delivered 21,000 vehicles in the first half of the year, which was double compared with the same period. Recently, Aouita decided to enter the hybrid market, and expanded its sales volume through pure electric and hybrid power layout. At the same time, Aouita spent 11.5 billion yuan to acquire a 10% stake in Huawei Yinwang Company, which will strengthen the connection between Aouita and Huawei, and take advantage of the latter’s technical awareness in consumers’ minds, thereby enhancing brand tenure and brand sales.

According to the plan of Changan Automobile, the sales target of Changan New Energy is 750,000 vehicles in 2024, and the annual targets of Changan Qiyuan, Deep Blue Automobile and Aouita are 250,000, 280,000 and 90,000 vehicles respectively. Judging from the known sales volume, as of the end of August, the completion rate of the sales target of the above brands was less than 40%, and the sales pressure was huge. To this end, Changan Automobile will continue to exert its efforts in the new energy vehicle market in the second half of the year, and will launch a number of brand-new and redesigned models such as Qiyuan E07, Qiyuan, Qiyuan, and the fourth generation CS75PLUS.

In terms of joint venture brands, Changan Ford sold 111,600 vehicles in the first half of the year, up 13.36% year on year, while Changan Mazda sold 36,800 vehicles, up 14.44% year on year. Although the joint venture brand is no longer the "profit cow" of Changan Automobile, Changan Ford still contributed 1.821 billion yuan of profit to Changan Automobile, up 127.86% year-on-year, and still brought 619 million yuan of investment income to Changan Automobile.

Ma Huateng responded to the ＂WeChat cash withdrawal fee＂： ＂posting＂ 300 million yuan per month.

　　The topic of the two sessions is WeChat payment.

　　"This number has risen too fast in the near future. We didn’t expect (WeChat red envelope, WeChat transfer) to be so popular with users." Yesterday, Ma Huateng, deputy to the National People’s Congress and CEO of Tencent, bluntly did not expect the popularity of WeChat payment when responding to a reporter’s question about WeChat cash withdrawal fees.

　　The adjustment hopes to subsidize part of the cost.

　　He explained that every transaction based on WeChat payment, as long as it is deducted from the bank card, regardless of the amount, the bank will charge the transaction fee to WeChat payment. "In fact, everyone doesn’t know that the bank’s money leaves his system and enters the account paid by a third party. In fact, it is charged, and the handling fee for transfer is about one thousandth."

　　With the gradual increase in the number of users and transactions of WeChat payment, the cost pressure is also increasing. "I confess to you that this cost is now over 300 million a month, and the most frightening thing is that it is still growing at a high speed."

　　It is reported that the withdrawal rate charged by WeChat to users is 0.1%, while the handling fee that WeChat needs to pay to banks is higher than 0.1% on average. These costs have always been borne by WeChat Pay, and this adjustment also hopes to subsidize some huge costs.

　　ApplePay and WeChat Pay are two concepts.

　　In addition, after ApplePay entered the China market, whether it has an impact on WeChat payment has attracted much attention.

　　Ma Huateng explained that many people may confuse the concepts of ApplePay and mobile payment. "ApplePay is actually not a third-party payment, and there is no account. In fact, it is the embodiment of the Internet of the traditional Pos card swiping in the bank. That is to say, the process of swiping the card with the Pos machine is changed through the incoming communication, which is equivalent to a virtual card being put into the mobile phone. Just feel it." In his view, banks are also embracing the Internet. "I believe this is not a direct conflict, but to jointly make the cake in this market bigger. This is more important."

　　At this meeting, Ma Huateng, as the representative of Guangdong delegation to the National People’s Congress, brought five suggestions, including further promoting the implementation of the "internet plus" action plan, building China’s mobile Internet ecological security system, and using the Internet to promote the construction of a healthy China.

　　Probe into the participation of Internet in graded diagnosis and treatment system

　　Ma Huateng suggested that through practical and effective measures, various social forces, including the Internet and technology companies, should be encouraged to participate in the exploration of the graded diagnosis and treatment system in various places. "At present, the information between most hospitals in China is not smooth. Even if there is an internal information network between some hospitals in some areas, its openness is very limited, which causes all information to be almost completely cut off once the patient is not in the region or hospital." Ma Huateng believes that it is urgent for hospitals to realize the electronization of prescriptions and the availability of patients’ own electronic prescriptions. "The regulatory authorities can establish supporting policies and regulations. On the basis of improving the patient’s personal information protection mechanism, a third-party company that meets the requirements and is designated by individual residents will establish a system to store information and improve the personal electronic health record system."

　　In addition, in the face of the constant transformation and escalation of new cyber crimes, Ma Huateng believes that telecom operators should ban illegal operation projects such as network rebranding telephones, strengthen the crackdown on pseudo base stations and line inspection in key areas, clean up the second-hand 4G card trading market, and implement mobile phone card real-name registration system. (Text/reporter Gui Tiantian Photography/reporter Hao Wei)

Yang Mi completely gave up ＂Fox Demon Little Matchmaker＂？ The end didn’t even post on Weibo, and the play was perfunctory outside the play

No matter how many recommendation spots were stuffed, how many hot-searched "Fox Demon Little Matchmaker · Moon Red" was not very well broadcast from start to finish. The platform quickly overshot and finally made a sum of money to send it away.

After the finale, all the actors in the play, Gong Jun, Guo Xiaoting, Zhang Linghe, Chen Turin, etc., posted Weibo to say goodbye to their roles, which was obviously a unified publicity activity for the entire crew. Then, everyone found that Yang Mi, the heroine, did not say a word, and the latest Weibo was a new ice cream brand she endorsed. Whether it was good or bad, Yang Mi’s attitude towards the play was perfunctory from the play to the outside.

No expression on the face, no light in the eyes

After watching this entire drama, everyone would find that Yang Mi had shown a textbook-level demonstration of finishing a play with one expression. Moreover, not only did his expression not move, but even his eyes did not seem to wake up, just like ordinary people were forced to go to work every day.

You can often see that when the audience complains that the actor of an idol drama does not understand the role properly, he will turn into a dead fish face, and he will play a drama with one expression throughout the whole process, and dare not make big movements on the facial features. Yang Mi’s role in Tu Shan Honghong this time is Tu Shan’s boss and a royal sister. It is right for her to act a more cold and cold feeling. However, cold and cold should not have motionless eyes.

The exhaustion and unwillingness to shoot in Yang Mi’s eyes couldn’t be concealed, she didn’t want to pretend at all, she just finished the whole play with a rotten look in her eyes. In the eyes she looked at Gong Jun, we couldn’t feel the slightest bit of love from this character for another character. The so-called highlight scene, the tenderness of the two people, the light she sent out, and the eyes she held on to death were like a mother. To be honest, her eyes persuaded too many viewers who wanted to come in and watch love.

When filming "Three Lives, Three Worlds and Ten Miles of Peach Blossom", Yang Mi starred in Bai Qian Shangshen, who was also considered to be relatively aloof and cold, with an expression written on his face that looked down on the world, but at that time, Yang Mi still had a play in his eyes, his eyes could still be turned, and his eyelids could still be lifted.

The audience had already pointed out this feeling in "The Eighth Law of Love". At that time, when Yang Mi was filming this drama, there were a lot of small movements on his body, but his eyes were lax, and the straight lines in his eyes were written: Work is really grueling.

He was injured in an accident while filming a variety show

During the filming of "Fox Demon Matchmaker · Moon Red", there was another major event that made Yang Mi fans want to scroll the entire Internet first, that is, during the recording of "The Great Escape Room" variety show, Yang Mi’s most beautiful eyes were injured and sutured.

Although we look back now, Yang Mi’s injury doesn’t seem to be very serious, but at that time, the entire crew stopped filming directly because of Yang Mi’s variety show, and Yang Mi did disappear for a long time before returning to work.

This matter is not to feel sorry for Yang Mi’s injury, saying that she is very dedicated, but we can find that Yang Mi, after being scolded by everyone for rolling the show a few years ago, chose to worry about the pressure of public opinion, did not go back and forth between the two crew, and chose another way, which is to shoot variety shows in the space of filming. Not rolling the show, but also rolling the variety show, which is nothing. Until "Fox Demon Little Matchmaker · Yuehong" flipped the car and delayed the progress of the crew.

In contrast to this, in Harbin 1944, Yang Mi’s attitude towards the latter was completely different.

When filming "Harbin 1944", Yang Mi invited an acting teacher and a crew. Even if she didn’t have a scene to shoot, she stood alone in the crew to see how others were doing. What about filming "Fox Demon Little Matchmaker · Moon Red"? Hurry up and finish filming, she wants to leave.

The attitude is obvious propaganda half give up

Since the beginning of June, Yang Mi has not participated in any promotion of "Fox Demon Matchmaker · Yuehong" on Weibo, and has obviously given up on the drama. This is not because of the poor broadcast performance of the drama, she chose to give up, but from the beginning, her attitude towards the drama was very ordinary.

When the entire crew went to promote "Hello, Saturday", she was absent as the first heroine, and only participated in one press conference during the entire broadcast process. We can continue to compare the attitude and state of this promotion with "Harbin 1944".

Yang Mi was interviewed for "Harbin 1944" all day long, and used a lot of power to publicize it. He painted cakes for fans on various occasions, saying how wonderful her performance in this drama would be, but he didn’t mention "Fox Demon" at all. Her interview was not nonsense, and the audience did clearly feel the difference in her acting skills between the two dramas. The acting performance on "Harbin 1944" was a wrong set of questions. At least he wrote the paper, but he answered it wrong. "Fox Demon Little Matchmaker · Yuehong" was simply a white paper.