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Eight changes in Spring Festival travel rush in the past 40 years of reform and opening up： from 100 million to nearly 3 billion.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 6th Title: Eight major changes in Spring Festival travel rush in the past 40 years of reform and opening up.

　　Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Qi Zhongxi, Fan Xi and Zhao Wenjun

　　As the Spring Festival approaches, Spring Festival travel rush is getting busy. Looking back at Spring Festival travel rush since the reform and opening up 40 years ago, what great changes can we find?

　　— — Change 1: from 100 million to nearly 3 billion, the scale has expanded 30 times.

　　Looking through the history of Spring Festival travel rush in New China can be traced back to 1954 at the earliest. At that time, the word "Spring Festival travel rush" appeared in the media for the first time, and the relevant parties also determined the principle of "unified command and coordination by the Ministry of Railways, and when necessary, please ask the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to ask the provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions and the People’s Liberation Army for assistance" to do related work well.

　　Spring Festival travel rush really became a social focus, but also from the beginning of reform and opening up. The spring tide of reform has enabled China’s population to move on a large scale, and the increase in income has given people spare money to travel. Migrant workers, students, visiting relatives and tourists have begun to converge in Spring Festival travel rush. In 1979, China’s Spring Festival travel rush made a historic breakthrough of 100 million person-times. "One vote is hard to find" has become the focus of Spring Festival travel rush every year since then.

　　In 2018, Spring Festival travel rush is expected to send 2.98 billion passengers nationwide, which is basically the same as last year. In forty years, the size of Spring Festival travel rush has expanded 30 times.

　　— — Change 2: the speed is 40 kilometers to 350 kilometers per hour, and the high-speed rail compresses the time and space distance.

　　People who have experienced Spring Festival travel rush more than ten years ago or even earlier will never forget the green leather car. The carriages are full of yearning for their hometown, and also bear the hardships of the journey home, not only the crowded carriages, but also the slow speed of stop-and-go. At that time, the average speed of national railways was less than 40 kilometers per hour.

　　On April 18, 2007, the first EMU train with a speed of 200 kilometers per hour started at Shanghai Station, and China entered the era of motor trains. At present, the national railway operating mileage reaches 127,000 kilometers, of which the high-speed railway with a speed of more than 250 kilometers per hour exceeds 25,000 kilometers, ranking first in the world.

　　Nowadays, there are more and more "Fuxing" high-speed emus with a speed of 350 kilometers per hour. The distance from Beijing to Shanghai is about 1300 kilometers. It took almost one day and one night decades ago, but now it takes more than four hours at the earliest. High-speed rail greatly compresses the distance between time and space.

　　In 2018, with the addition of 3,038 kilometers of new high-speed rail to Spring Festival travel rush, the total number of railway passengers will increase by at least 30 million, of which about 60% will travel by high-speed rail.

　　— — Change 3: From "small window" to "big data", subverting the way of purchasing tickets.

　　"Buying tickets" has been an eternal theme in Spring Festival travel rush for decades. But how to buy a ticket has been very different these years.

　　Huang Xin, deputy director of the Passenger Transport Department of China Railway Corporation, used to work in Guangzhou Railway Group, and began to engage in passenger transport services in Spring Festival travel rush more than 20 years ago. According to his memory, at that time, the dense queues in front of Guangzhou station could throw out a few kilometers away. At night, people lay on the floor in front of the ticket window with bedrolls and lined up all night.

　　Nowadays, with the popularity of the Internet and the development and use of the new generation railway ticket system, people can buy tickets by "moving their fingertips" through the Internet.

　　"In 12306, the daily average page views reached 55.67 billion times, the page views reached 81.34 billion times at the peak, and the maximum number of hits in one hour was nearly 6 billion times, with an average of about 1.65 million times per second. The processing capacity reaches 15 million sheets per day. " Zhu Jiansheng, deputy director of Institute of Electronics, Academy of Iron Sciences, said.

　　At present, the Internet, including mobile APP, accounts for more than 60% of the total ticket sales, and more than 80% in big cities.

　　— — Change 4: From "battlefield" to "airport", the waiting environment is very different.

　　"Just like fighting, I can’t go home at the station for dozens of days. I divert people in the station square and waiting room every day for fear of an accident." Whenever Spring Festival travel rush was mentioned, Yao Hongren, the retired former deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Beijing West Railway Station, still has a lingering fear.

　　Huang Xin recalled the "thrilling scene" of that year and said that at that time, the station and waiting room were all full of people, and the dense heads looked scary. People are like the tide. After the tide recedes, the waiting square is full of squeezed shoes.

　　"When I arrive in Spring Festival travel rush, I am most afraid that the people gathered in the station can’t walk every day, and there is an accident like trampling, and I am scared every day." Huang Xin said.

　　In those days, the railway station in Spring Festival travel rush was like a "battlefield", which makes it hard for people who are used to high-speed trains to imagine. Today’s high-speed rail station is not much different from the airport. More people like to calculate the time to arrive at the station, print their tickets by electronic equipment, and then visit the shopping malls inside to buy some special products, or sit down for a cup of coffee.

　　— — Change 5: From "starvation" to "online ordering", "internet plus" got on the train.

　　"You can still eat hot and authentic braised pork on the train. I really didn’t dare to think about it before!" During his stay in Spring Festival travel rush, Mr. Chang, who lives in Baotou, said cheerfully in the dining car of the Z315 train from Beijing to Hohhot.

　　This year in Spring Festival travel rush, Hohhot Railway Bureau Group took the lead in offering "Chinese fast food" reservation and delivery service on Z315/6 and Z317/8 trains for different levels of demand, so that passengers can enjoy the Spring Festival travel rush on the tip of their tongue.

　　Eating by train is a big problem. In the past, it was not easy to get on the green leather car, so it was a luxury to eat hot meals and dishes on the car. With the gradual improvement of the ride environment, people can eat the box lunch provided by the train, and more people choose to bring their own dry food.

　　According to the memories of some retired railway conductors, everything was brought at that time, including pancakes, green onions and lunch boxes. Later, more and more people brought bread, sausages and instant noodles, and even roast chicken beer was brought when conditions were better. There is a dining car on the train, and there is a box lunch delivered by a trolley. The cheapest box lunch on each train always sells the fastest.

　　Now, there are more and more bento boxes on the train, ranging from 15 yuan to seventy or eighty yuan. Since last summer, the railway has launched the Internet ordering service for EMU trains, which has enriched people’s dining on high-speed trains: not only fast food such as KFC and Kung Fu, but also local specialties such as beef noodles, lion’s head and salted duck.

　　— — Change 6: From "going around" to "extending in all directions", the road home is easier.

　　In people’s memory, Spring Festival travel rush is always closely linked with railway trains. In fact, Spring Festival travel rush’s road trip is the "big head". Of the nearly 3 billion passengers this year, less than 400 million were transported by rail, and more than 80% went home by road.

　　Because of the highway, we don’t have to take a tractor or even a carriage, but drive a car and get on a bus; Because of the bridge, we don’t have to take a small ferry anymore; Because of the tunnel, we don’t have to go around in the mountains anymore … … Nowadays, the road network extending in all directions makes the road home easier, faster and safer.

　　In the early days of reform and opening up, the highway density per 100 square kilometers in China was only 9.1 kilometers. Now, this figure has expanded more than five times, reaching 48.92 kilometers per 100 square kilometers.

　　China’s expressways didn’t start construction until the 1980s. In 1988, the Shanghai-Jiading Expressway was opened to traffic, marking a zero breakthrough in China’s expressways. In 1999, China’s expressway mileage exceeded 10,000 kilometers, and last year it reached 136,000 kilometers. The expressway has covered 97% of the cities and prefecture-level administrative centers with a population of more than 200,000.

　　— — Change 7: From "pots and pans" to "express delivery", the less luggage, the easier it is.

　　No matter how you go home, always take your luggage. Over the years, people’s luggage has also changed a lot.

　　Ten years back, in railway stations and long-distance bus stations, the kind of "you carry the burden, I hold the child, bring all the pots and pans and bedrolls, and there is a small home in the luggage" is everywhere. People who go home from work bring as many new year’s goods as possible, as well as daily necessities that they can’t bear to throw away.

　　Nowadays, in Spring Festival travel rush, the burden on people’s shoulders is getting lighter and lighter, and the steps are not as heavy as before. Less luggage, on the one hand, shows that life is better, and the gap between urban and rural areas has narrowed. What used to be only available in the city is now available in the countryside. On the other hand, the booming e-commerce has acted as a "porter" for new year’s goods.

　　According to the person in charge of the Market Supervision and Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Post Bureau, more and more people are shopping online for the Spring Festival in advance, and people have not arrived yet. During my stay in Spring Festival travel rush last year, more than 100 million parcels were on the road every day, of which more than 60% were new year’s goods.

　　— — Change 8: From "going home" to "traveling", Spring Festival travel rush is all over the world.

　　As the old saying goes, "If you have money, go home for the New Year". No matter how hard the journey is, you must go back to your hometown and parents for the New Year. In recent years, it has become fashionable to take family members out to travel for the New Year. Northerners go south to "warm up", southerners go north to "cat winter", and even more and more families travel abroad.

　　During the Spring Festival of 2017, the country received a total of 344 million tourists, a year-on-year increase of 13.8%. This year, this figure is only a lot more.

　　According to Ctrip’s travel forecast, the Spring Festival in 2018 will be the "hottest" Spring Festival in history, with more than 6 million outbound tourists, more than 100 departure cities, more than 60 countries and 280 destinations around the world, and the farthest to the South Pole.

How to further refine the classification of bank customers to break the ＂28 effect＂ and ＂long tail customer base＂

　　The reporter recently noticed that many bank apps have refined the customer level after the updated version. The refinement of membership level reflects the refinement trend of bank retail strategy.


　　It is not difficult to find that under the superposition of technology empowerment and non-contact finance, the coverage of China’s retail financial market tends to be saturated, and the staking has been completed in terms of scenes, payment and credit. In the future, the focus will be on the refined management of stock customers.


　　China Merchants Bank divides customers into 9 levels.


　　Recently, CCB has divided its members into six grades: bronze members, silver members, crystal members, gold members, platinum members and diamond members. The differentiation of grades is mainly determined by three dimensions: daily activity, browsing interaction and financial management. The higher the membership level, the higher the rights and interests you can enjoy. The rights and interests are mainly distributed in the form of card coupons, including Hungry, Meituan, Shouyue Car, Fan Deng Reading, Fruit Voucher, Didi Chuxing, JD.COM/Tmall Shopping Card, etc.



How to further refine the classification of bank customers to break the "28 effect" and "long tail customer base"


　　China Merchants Bank (600036) has a finer hierarchy of customers, which divides customers into nine levels according to three dimensions: asset growth value, basic services and active tasks, and each level has corresponding rights and interests services. For example, M1 level has nine rights and interests, including gold red envelope, credit card repayment, family health insurance, birthday present, travel discount, credit report, credit card repayment of other banks, credit card installment and e-loan promotion.


　　China Merchants Bank told reporters that China Merchants Bank launched the M+ membership system in 2020, accompanying customers’ wealth growth through the circular chain of tasks, grades and rights, continuing to deepen refined management and striving to provide better services to customers.



How to further refine the classification of bank customers to break the "28 effect" and "long tail customer base"


　　ICBC divides customers into eight grades according to their financial assets, and the corresponding grades can enjoy different rights and interests in entertainment, study, food, travel and health.


　　China Bank is relatively simple, divided into four levels: mass customers, BOC wealth management customers, wealth management customers and private banking customers.



How to further refine the classification of bank customers to break the "28 effect" and "long tail customer base"


　　Hierarchical operation has a long history.


　　A person in charge of the wealth management department of an East China city commercial bank told reporters that the hierarchical management of customers has always existed. On the one hand, this stratification reflects the importance that banks attach to the management of different customers. For example, in addition to exclusive financial consultants, private bank customers also provide legal, tax and health consulting services; On the other hand, in order to give different customers corresponding rights and interests, such as no queuing, VIP service at the airport and products only for specific customers.


　　China Merchants Bank told reporters that it is a common practice in the industry to stratify the customer base according to the asset size. With the deepening of customer service, in order to enhance the customer experience and strengthen the connection between App and customers, China Merchants Bank began to think more about how to finely classify and differentiate customers, and tried to superimpose personalized services according to customer characteristics and market rules to meet the needs of different customer groups, such as providing online service areas for college students to shorten offline business processes, providing pet insurance for cute pet families, providing convenient online and offline experience for older customers, and providing family trust planning for high-net-worth customers.


　　The concept of customer stratification originated in the mid-1950s and was put forward by Wendell Smith, an American scholar. Its theoretical basis is mainly in two aspects, namely, the heterogeneity of customer demand and the limitation of bank resources. Customer stratification is a process of subdividing a bank’s customer base according to different dimensions on the premise of limited resources and heterogeneous demand, so as to provide customers with refined and accurate services.


　　It can be understood that because each customer brings different value to the bank, their needs and expected treatment for the bank will also be different. Key customers who bring greater value to banks expect to be treated differently from ordinary customers, such as more intimate products or services and more favorable conditions.


　　If banks can distinguish these customers who contribute a lot to profits and provide them with targeted services, they may become loyal customers of banks, thus creating more profits for banks continuously.


　　"28 Rule" in Bank Customer Operation


　　For the bank’s customer operation, the "28 Rule" is very applicable, and a small number of private bank customers contribute most of the asset management scale (AUM). According to the "28 Rule", if a bank can serve these 20% key customers well, it will bring 80% revenue increase, but in practice, the proportion of key customers is far less than 20%, but the AUM brought by it is very considerable.



How to further refine the classification of bank customers to break the "28 effect" and "long tail customer base"


　　Taking the data of six major state-owned banks’ mid-year reports in 2021 as an example, the AUM of Bank of Communications continued to maintain rapid growth in the first half of 2021, with a scale of 4,139.472 billion yuan at the end of the reporting period, an increase of 243.906 billion yuan or 6.26% over the end of last year; Among them, 943.762 billion yuan was managed by private banking clients, an increase of 13.19% over the end of last year. At the end of the reporting period, there were 182 million domestic retail customers (including debit and credit card customers), an increase of 1.71% over the end of last year; There were 1,904,800 Ward customers (customers with quarterly average assets ranging from 500,000 yuan to 6 million yuan), an increase of 9.67% compared with the end of last year, and 67,500 private banking customers of the Group, an increase of 10.46% compared with the end of last year.


　　It can be seen that 0.0371% of customers contributed 22.71% of the assets.


　　From the data of other banks, we can also see that AUM, a very small number of private customers, accounts for a very high proportion. At the end of June, the scale of financial assets of individual customers of China Construction Bank was 14 trillion yuan, of which private banks were 193 million yuan, accounting for 13.79%. The total financial assets of individual customers of China Bank exceeded 11 trillion yuan, of which the financial assets of private banks were 2 trillion yuan, accounting for 18.18%.


　　In terms of the number of customers, ICBC had 690 million individual customers at the end of the reporting period, including 198,000 private banking customers, accounting for 0.0287%; The total number of customers of Agricultural Bank is 869 million, and the number of private customers is 161,000, accounting for 0.0185%; The Postal Savings Bank has 630 million customers and 3,456,600 wealth customers, accounting for 0.5487%.


　　Except for the Postal Savings Bank, whose statistical caliber is wealth customers, the number of private customers in other banks is far below 0.05%. But it is these five ten thousandths of customers who contribute more than 10% of AUM.


　　Therefore, it is not difficult to understand why many banks have made frequent moves in private banking this year.


　　On December 15th, the Private Banking Department of Nanjing Bank (601009) was formally established. As the first-level department of the head office, the private banking department of the bank will be positioned as the "profit center", "asset allocation center" and "public-private linkage center" of the whole bank to help the in-depth implementation of the big retail strategy. So far, Bank of Nanjing has formed a "private drilling customers-wealth customers-basic customers-Internet customers" total retail layered service management system, providing differentiated services for different customer groups. By the end of November 2021, retail customers’ AUM exceeded 560 billion yuan, an increase of over 15% compared with the end of last year; The total number of retail customers exceeded 23 million, an increase of over 8% compared with the end of last year, among which the scale of private drilling customers exceeded 34,000, and the scale of wealth customers exceeded 560,000.


　　On December 21st, Shanghai Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau approved the opening of the private banking department of Industrial Bank (601166) and issued the Financial License, which is also the first private banking franchise institution formally established by joint-stock banks.


　　On the 22nd, hengfeng bank also announced that the main preparatory work for the private banking department has been completed, and submitted an application for opening in accordance with relevant regulations and procedures. According to the approval, hengfeng bank should complete the preparatory work within 6 months from the date of approval, and accept the supervision and guidance of Shanghai Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau during the preparatory work. After the preparatory work is completed, it will apply for opening in accordance with relevant regulations and procedures.


　　How to serve "long tail" customers


　　The long tail theory focuses on small and medium-sized customers, and increases profits by expanding the base, thus achieving economies of scale. In the case that the acquisition of new customers has encountered a certain bottleneck, operating existing customers well is a great weapon to improve the bank’s profits, which requires banks to pay attention to every customer and transform from extensive management mode to refined management mode. In addition, banks also have certain social responsibility requirements for financial inclusion, so they should pay more attention to the vulnerable groups in society. For long-tail customers, they need to change their business models, innovate products and improve customer stickiness.


　　China Construction Bank’s mid-year report in 2021 pointed out that it will further promote the digital operation of public and long-tail customers. At the end of June, the total number of RMB settlement accounts of CCB units was 11,863,600, an increase of 404,800 compared with the end of last year; There were 1,847,800 active customers in cash management, an increase of 171,700 over the same period of last year.


　　In the face of a large number of "long tail" customers, manual service will cause a sudden increase in costs, so financial technology has become a breakthrough point in serving such people.


　　The above-mentioned city commercial bank people told reporters: "Customers who serve the’ Long Tail’ can send notices through the bank APP, or directly send millions of text messages to directly contact them."


　　As mentioned above, the bank’s rights and interests services are increasingly rich, but how to distribute rights and interests, match customers and reach customers is still the industry pain point faced by major banks. Financial technology can solve some problems. For example, in September, Baorun Xingye, a subsidiary of Financial One Account, cooperated with Ping An One Wallet to jointly build a "cloud equity platform" based on Ping An Group’s equity resource pool, with equity as the starting point for customer management. However, the final result will be tested by time.

(Editor: Wang Xiaoyu)

Great Wall Motor Haval’s Second Generation Big Dog Interpretation： Good-looking and high-valued.

Many car owners often complain that the fuel consumption of their cars is too high or the battery life is too poor. It can be seen that this problem is really a big problem, and everyone is very concerned about it in this respect. Let’s take a look at its performance.

First of all, from the appearance, the design of the front of Haval’s second-generation big dog is very angular and looks very deep. Coupled with the moving headlights, the exquisiteness of the whole vehicle has been greatly improved. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4705MM*1908MM*1780MM, and the car side looks very fashionable with large-sized thick-walled tires, and the overall visual effect is very solid. In the rear part, the rear looks very fashionable and sporty, and the taillights are very simple. Coupled with the unique exhaust pipe, the shape is relatively simple.

Coming to the Haval second-generation big dog car, the interior of Haval second-generation big dog is simple and strong, giving people a very sporty feeling. The steering wheel of the car is very simple in shape and made of leather, giving people an impulse to control it. Let’s take a look at the central control, decorated with a 14.6-inch central control screen, which makes the interior design layered and looks young and fashionable. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats again. The dashboard of this car presents a unique design style and is very eye-catching. The car uses a leather-like seat, and the seat is wrapped in place, which is very comfortable to ride.

Haval second-generation big dog is matched with wet dual clutch (DCT) gearbox, with maximum power of 175KW and maximum torque of 385N.m, with good power performance.

In terms of functional configuration, Haval second-generation big dog is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, Bluetooth key, rear wiper, engine start and stop and other configurations.

Many people buy SUVs because of their stronger passability. The car is practical and fully equipped, and it is a good helper for home travel. If you think so, today’s car is still worth recommending.

Exploring the Cultural Heritage of the Grand Canal Series

The inheritance of martial arts includes the inheritance of equipment production. The unique Miao knife in Cangzhou martial arts equipment, through the efforts of Guo Ruixiang and Guo Tieliang father and son, not only restored the long-lost forging process, but also the gorgeous pattern, sharp edge, good elasticity and beautiful exterior, perfectly combined with the Miao knife knife technique, achieved a historic breakthrough –

Forging knives, tempered by a thousand times, passed down "Four Absolutes"

Our reporter, Qi Lingxiao

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Chinese seedling knife and its teaching and inheritance

　

Knife King

Recreate the power of cold weapons

One day in 2011, Wei Hongzhong, a martial artist who had assisted in filming the special program Miao Dao, packed up his equipment and got on his motorcycle to finish work and go home. At this time, the motorcycle had started to drive, and suddenly, a person with a long gun stabbed him from behind. Listening to the sound, turning around, and tilting, the three movements were completed almost simultaneously. In the blink of an eye, the hard ash gun rod was cut off by the brush, and the gun head and gun were dropped to the ground.

This was not a pose-up. Without advance notice or preparation, the sudden attacker just wanted to sneak attack and let the CCTV "I Love Invention" program team see the power of Cangzhou martial arts, especially Miao Dao.

This scene was recorded with a mobile phone, and it was exciting to watch. White wax rods are extremely hard and generally cannot be cut off, not to mention sudden attacks. The results of the surprise attack and dynamic block made the program team feel more and more magical about this long knife.

That day, the program team was filming a special topic of "Sword King Hegemony" in a park in Cangzhou. The first shooting started from static. 200 sheets of rice paper were tied to the tree, and Guo Tieliang, the direct grandson of Guo Yanzi (Changsheng), was wearing a short rest close to his body, and he stabbed straight with a knife. Penetrating. Replace it with 800 sheets of rice paper, 10 cm thick, can it still be pierced? The crew members questioned. Turning around, the knife is piercing through the back of the paper. Guo Tieliang, who has been practicing knives for 10 years, can pierce, but can a 9-year-old girl do it? The child himself and the watching Cangzhou martial artists have no confidence in this either. Then try it. Penetrating again. Although not as strong as Guo Tieliang, the tip of the knife still pierced through the thick rice paper. If it could pierce through thick paper, could the vines that even crossbows could not pierce be destroyed by a seedling knife? After field tests, the vines could not withstand each strike.

Flirting, chopping, chipping, and stabbing are the four major uses of the seedling knife. What would it be like if the 4 actions were done in a row? The program team wanted to continue to open their eyes and erected 4 more wooden piles, and 4 watermelons were installed on the piles. The series of actions was demonstrated by Guo Ruixiang’s disciple Wang Guochun. Wang Guochun entered the circle with a knife in one go, accurate and fast. The 3 watermelons presented a perfect cut, and the last watermelon was penetrated by the tip of the knife.

This time, the program team was content and no longer asked for anything new. But when they saw Guo Tieliang and others erecting a row of wooden piles on the roadside, allowing people to push bicycles and motorcycles, the program team was bored. What was this for?

It turned out that Guo Tieliang had his own plans. Since he wanted to show the power of the Miao Knife to the whole country or the world through CCTV, he would show it thoroughly. The martial artist Zhang Liqiang rode a bicycle and slashed on a motorcycle. The Miao Knife is very long and heavy. It requires two hands, one hand to hold the bicycle handle, and the other hand to wield the knife. It is necessary to master the balance of the bicycle and have the aim. It is very difficult to complete four consecutive movements at once. Motorcycle drivers have to cooperate with the knife hand, but also avoid the driver’s body to wield the knife, simulating ancient combat immediately, which is more difficult. In this way, it is a restoration of the use of the Miao Knife in the cold weapon era.

The result was perfect. The program team used the word "good" and "didn’t expect" to express their surprise to the world. In fact, what surprised them even more was the broken gun in Wei Hong’s attack, which the program team couldn’t find the right language to express.

Sanxia Zhejiang

Development of Chinese seedling knife

Miao Dao can be said to be the unique sword and stunt of modern Cangzhou martial arts. At the beginning of the last century, when the young Cangzhou martial artist Guo Yanzi toured the martial arts camp of Cao Kun in Zhili, he was "secretly taught" by Liu Yuchun, the head teacher of Tianjin Duliu, and Liu Yuchun’s Miao Dao was obtained by changing skills with the Xie brothers of Dongguang Sangyuan in Cangzhou, and then spread to the northeast earlier. Regarding the knife technique, an earlier literature can be found in the "Selection of Single Sword Techniques" in Cheng Chong’s "Forging Remaining Techniques" in the Ming Dynasty. Although the knife technique inherits the grass, snake and gray line, there are traces to follow, but the forging method of Miao Dao is a historical secret and has been lost for a long time. After Guo Yanzi was "secretly taught" by Liu Yuchun, the technique of Miao Dao was passed back to Cangzhou, but the forging method was not passed down.

Guo Yanzi’s son, Guo Ruixiang, is one of the top ten martial arts teachers in the country and one of the inheritors of the seedling knife technique. There is a seedling knife left by Guo Yanzi at home. The knife was forged by Cao Kun, the famous Zhejiang Longquan "Shen Guanglong", and Guo Ruixiang donated it to the country a few years ago. The knife became a sample for Guo Ruixiang and Guo Tieliang’s father and son to develop a seedling knife forging method.

"Before my grandfather died, he instructed me to pass on the Miao knife," Guo Tieliang said. "Not only to pass on the knife technique, but also to explore the forging method of the Miao knife. My father kept my grandfather’s instructions in mind and began to explore the re-forging of the Miao knife around the beginning of this century."

The history of swordsmithing in Cangzhou is also very long, and it should be able to forge seedlings. With this idea in mind, Guo Ruixiang and his son Guo Tieliang started a journey to forge seedlings again. They found out that there was an old master who could forge swords in the western countryside of Cangzhou and visited on a bicycle. After explaining the purpose of the visit and the characteristics of the seedlings, the old master shook his head and refused – this kind of knife has strict requirements on material, size and forging method, and ordinary craftsmen cannot do it. The two men did not give up and went to Dulin in Cangxian County to ask another old master to forge. The old master gave the same conclusion: it cannot be forged.

"My father was not discouraged. After bumping into the wall several times, he suddenly thought, since the Miao knife hidden at home was made by the Zhejiang’Shen Guanglong ‘, can it be forged in the south?" With a glimmer of hope, the two men rushed to Zhejiang. The reply from the Zhejiang swordsmith was heartening: it can be forged, and it can be forged using the ancient method. Then it was time to wait for good news. However, a few months later, after getting the first newly forged knife, Guo Ruixiang was disappointed. Because forging is one thing, but it is another – the center of gravity of the newly forged seedling knife deviates from the requirements of martial arts, making it awkward. After the two returned, they carefully analyzed the data of the Miao knife passed on by Guo Yanzi, drew the new discovery of the center of gravity of the knife into an accurate pattern and sent it to the sword master again. The second forging was successful, and it was easy to use. So, how is the toughness and hardness of the new knife? After testing, the toughness and hardness of the new Miao knife are not ideal. It is too hard and will break when it touches heavy weapons. It is too soft, not tall and straight enough, and the power of the thorn is greatly reduced.

The two of them simply ate and lived together with the sword forging master and studied day and night. From the proportion of steel and carbon used in the Jiazang Miao Knife, the experiment of the quenching time and the quenching method, the length, weight, and shape of the knife, a comprehensive and thorough study. The third forging knife was really successful.

The new miaodao absorbs the advantages of the old miaodao, and combines it with actual combat to make more subtle improvements. The biggest improvement is the blade spine. "The blade spine of the miaodao left by grandpa is square, but my father changed the blade spine into a circle based on the requirements of martial arts confrontation and the characteristics of ancient swords," Guo Tieliang said. The so-called circle is actually the "loach back". The bottom foot of Chinese porcelain is mostly used in this shape to reduce the friction of the bottom foot and reduce the pressure. If the actual combat miaodao is changed to "loach back", it will not only help to block, but also reduce the weight of the blade body, making the blade body denser and stiffer, and the weight, flexibility, hardness and actual combat effect are better.

This is a new breakthrough after inheriting the ancient method of miaodao forging, and it is a great progress for Cangzhou martial artists to integrate martial arts into equipment production. After several confrontation experiments, this improvement is proved to be scientific. On November 7, 2001, a memorable day in the history of Cangzhou martial arts – the State Intellectual Property Office awarded Guo Ruixiang a utility model patent certificate, patent name: Miaodao.

trace back to the source

Cangzhou seedling knife fire inheritance

Miao Dao, which has flourished in Cangzhou for nearly a hundred years, looks a bit like Japanese swords, but it is actually the ancestor of Japanese swords. Its history can be traced back to the Han and Tang Dynasties, and Guo Yanzi in Cangzhou is unique in his skills. Through the efforts of Guo Ruixiang, Guo Tieliang and his son, the long-lost Miao Dao forging technology was restored. In view of the outstanding performance of martial arts and Miao Dao in resisting the Wushu and insults in successive dynasties, Guo Ruixiang named the newly developed Miao Dao "Chinese Miao Dao Wushu Soul".

Before the development of the Miao knife, Guo Ruixiang, Guo Tieliang and his son made a deep excavation of the history of the Miao knife. The Miao knife in history has power, law and no name. Liu Tao, a famous general and a native of Cangzhou, led his soldiers to fight against the Japanese on the southeast coast for more than ten years, and used Qi Jiguang in an unusual way. According to the fighting habits of the Japanese pirates, Qi Jiguang changed the single knife used by the soldiers to a long knife, and passed the usage to the soldiers. They slashed the banner of the General Qing and dealt heavy losses to the Japanese pirates. After that, the records of Cheng Chongdou’s "Single Saber Dharma Selection" in the late Ming Dynasty made this treasure passed down, "using the power, the image, and the name". Later generations named it because of its slender blade body like a seedling.

Guo Tieliang said that the data show that the embryonic form of the Miao knife can be traced back to the "ring hand knife" at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the "long knife" during the Cao Wei period of the Three Kingdoms. The "long knife" developed to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and has become an incomparably sharp actual combat blade "Tang knife". Archaeological excavations show that the "ring hand knife" in the Han Dynasty was found in ancient tombs, and the shape of the knife is very similar to that of the modern Miao knife. According to this, it is inferred that the embryonic form of the Miao knife has existed as early as the Han Dynasty in our country.

Yang Hong, a historian at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, also argued in his book "On the Cluster of Ancient Chinese Weapons" that "a strange knife is also a long knife." Guo Ruixiang’s "Textual Research on the Miao Knife", which is collected by the Chinese Historical Archives, wrote: "The Miao Knife was used to charge, far superior to a single sword and other short soldiers." In all previous anti-Japanese wars, he had excellent performance.

The newly developed seedling knife is known as the "Four Absolutes". The seedling knife forged with high-grade patterned steel has strict requirements in production.

Guo Tieliang pulled out a high-grade seedling knife to demonstrate that choosing the right raw materials is a prerequisite, one is wool iron, and the other is steel. The so-called wool iron is actually a local method of smelting iron with low iron content and carbon content and more impurities, but it is soft and viscous, and is suitable for repeated folding and forging. The so-called "three catties of wool iron and half a catty of steel" can withstand a thousand trials. The appropriate amount of carbon in "wool iron" and "steel" can get fresh and eye-catching patterns.

After the material is selected, it is forged. First, the wool iron is "exercised". After repeated forging, the blank is decarbonized, and impurities are removed to make the blank more pure. This is decarbonization steelmaking. The second is forming forging. During the process, metal molecules are organically combined with activated carbon, the density of the knife body is increased, and a knife strip with extremely high hardness and toughness is made. This is also known as the carburizing process. After forging the knife strip, it is quenched. The formed knife strip is burned in the furnace to a certain temperature and then quickly cooled back. The method, time and medium not only affect the flexibility and sharpness of the knife, but also affect the brightness of the pattern. The commonly used medium for quenching is water, oil and special liquid, etc. Different steels have different media, so that various steel seedlings can obtain different hardness. After quenching, it is tempered. The purpose is to reduce the unreasonable hardness after quenching. After the knife is tempered in a furnace at 250-300 degrees Celsius for 6-8 hours, the molecular structure of the metal changes and the knife body obtains the best quality.

The final process is grinding and decoration.

At this stage, the grinding stone is very important, and the grinding stone is also called the bright stone. Different grinding stones have different functions. After orderly grinding, the knife body can reach the level of no pitting and smooth as a mirror. Grinding is very time-consuming, and the ancients said "sharpening a sword in ten years", which fully illustrates the importance and time spent on grinding the seedling knife. The seedling knife uses red sandalwood as the handle sheath and bronze as the carving. The blade and the scabbard are slightly tight and not loose, and the loosening is appropriate, so that the thrusting of the knife is just right. After these processes, a complete new type of seedling knife is considered complete.

Exceptionally sharp, brilliant literary talent, comfortable and flexible, and difficult to rust and corrode are the four characteristics of seedling knives. As far as the hundred-refined pattern steel seedling knives are concerned, the gorgeous pattern, sharp edge, good elasticity and beautiful exterior constitute the "four absolute" of modern high-end seedling knives.

The Chinese Miaodao technique is superb in Guo Yanzi and interprets the legend of Cangzhou martial arts; the forging of the Chinese Miaodao, in the hands of Guo Ruixiang and his son, has been tempered for thousands of times, presenting the inheritance of academic research and equipment research and development.

Why did M5 deliver more than 3,000 sets in the first month？ Can the annual sales of 300,000 words be realized？

At the Huawei Winter New Product Launch Conference at the end of December 2021, Yu Chengdong released it.AITO, the first smart car equipped with HarmonyOS smart cockpit, asks M5.This extended-range new energy vehicle has attracted attention from all walks of life since its release.

AITO inquiry M5 just released its report card in March, and inquiry M5 officially started to deliver cars to users on March 5th.In March, the sales volume was 3,160 vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 1,310.71%; In March, the output was 3,465 vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 1,667.86%.

The delivery of M5 in the first month exceeded 3,000 units, which is a good result for a new brand and new model. What does M5 rely on behind this achievement?Can Yu Chengdong’s grandiloquence of annual sales of 300,000 units shouted at the end of last year be achieved?

First of all, the world M5 is located in the medium-sized coupe SUV.Body size of 4770*1930*1625 and long wheelbase of 2880.The spatial layout of the big five seats can bring a good sense of space.

According to Yu Chengdong at the press conference, the whole vehicle was developed by Huawei and equipped with Huawei’s electric drive electronic control system.Equipped with a 40 kWh ternary lithium battery and a 1.5T turbocharged 4-cylinder range extender, WLTP has a pure battery life of up to 150KM and a full battery life of up to 1,100 km.

Except for the lowest model which is driven by rear single motor, the other three models are driven by front and rear double motors.It has ultra-high power as high as 315kW-365kW and acceleration of 0-100 for more than 4 seconds.It can give the driver a leapfrog power experience and a sense of pushing back.

In addition to running fast, the 4-cylinder range extender of the M5 is also well-known, which is said to be independently developed by Huawei.It has the highest compression ratio of 15:1, thermal efficiency as high as 41% and power generation efficiency of 3.2 kWh/h.The power generation capacity is stronger, the consumption is less, and the operation quality is very good.

Although the car weight of the M5 is more than 2.2 tons, according to the feedback from most car owners, the M5 is full of power.Suspension structure of front double wishbone and rear five-bar linkageIt also ensures the driving quality of the M5. The vibration of the ditch ridge is well filtered, the lateral support in the corner is sufficient, and the car body will not sway.

According to the real interview records,The vast majority of owners of M5 in the world favor Huawei’s HarmonyOS OS smart cockpit.

This time, Huawei installed for the M5.Kirin 990a cockpit chip, the computing power is about 3.5TOPS., supporting 5G network connection. There is a 15.6-inch intelligent central control large screen in the middle of the M5, but the change of experience is very obvious. The central control screen is like a Huawei Matebook, and its UI interaction is very simple and easy to use.

The obvious feeling of the whole intelligent central control big screen operation is that the interactive experience is very smooth and the response is very fast. The matching degree between UI design and 3D dynamic effect and touch is very high. Follow the hand, the reaction speed is fast, and the use experience is very similar to that of mobile phones and tablet computers. It can be full-screen, split-screen, and can also suspend windows.

The M5 is not only easy to use with large screen, but also sharp in intelligent voice interaction function.It not only supports the functions of continuous dialogue, visible speaking, intelligent recognition of four-tone area, but also can recognize the languages of passengers in different seats, and also has certain local dialect recognition ability.

This time, the M5 alsoEquipped with HarmonyOS brand function, also known as "seamless circulation". For example, if you are navigating with Huawei’s Petal Maps on your mobile phone, it will automatically flow to the car after getting on the bus, and then flow back to your mobile phone after getting off the bus. HarmonyOS system also supports Unicom. When you enter the car, as long as you are in the same Huawei account, you can automatically transfer from the mobile phone to the car, and call the microphone and stereo equipment in the car to let you directly switch to the scene in the car.

If the mobile phone is not HarmonyOS,Huawei has also developed a screen projection function for mobile phones.By downloading the APP, all mobile phones in the Android ecosystem can be projected with HarmonyOS Car Machine. Similar to Apple CarPlay and Baidu CarLife, but different from the latter two, and a small number of applications are put on the car screen from the mobile phone, it can put all the apps on the mobile phone on the car and realize two-way circulation at the same time.

this timeHuawei also built a set of exclusive 19-speaker sound facilities for the M5, with professional-grade effect of 1000W and 7.1 surround sound field., creating an immersive theater experience, whether it is pop, rock or symphony, it is shocking enough.

Apart from the outstanding ability of M5 itself, Huawei has tried its best to sell cars better this time.

Yu Chengdong is optimistic about the prospect of selling cars in Huawei retail stores. Huawei and Xiaokang are currently owned by the whole country.More than 500 M5 experience centers and more than 150 user centers and service outlets.It is planned to double the number of experience centers and user service outlets by the end of 2022, reaching as many as 1,000 and 300 respectively, covering all cities in China and meeting the needs of M5 users.

At present,Xiaokang can get at least 10GWh of automobile batteries every year. If all of them are used to produce the Wujie M5, the output of Xiaokang in 2022 is estimated to be about 250,000 Wujie M5 according to the current configuration of 40kWh batteries.

In terms of vehicle manufacturing, Xiaokang is still busy expanding the scale of production lines. In the first quarter of this year, Xiaokang shares raised 7.13 billion yuan in the A-share market, which was invested in "Electric Vehicle Development and Product Platform Technology Upgrade Project", "Factory Intelligent and Electric Drive Production Line Construction Project", "User Center Construction Project" and supplementary liquidity, among which "Factory Intelligent and Electric Drive Production Line Construction Project" was designed with an annual production capacity of 100,000 units.

According to relevant surveys,The main people who buy M5 are around 30-50 years old.Most of them know something about the HarmonyOS smart cockpit and acceleration of this model, and all of them use Huawei mobile phones. Most of them buy cars in order to own Huawei’s HarmonyOS eco-model, so they must have done their homework when they come to a physical store to experience or buy.

In addition, as a medium-sized extended-range SUV, the Wujie M5 has attracted more attention because it can reduce the cost of buying a Shanghai brand by buying an extended-range electric vehicle in a city where oil vehicles are restricted.

To sum up, in the price range of 200,000-300,000, the comprehensive cost performance ratio of Wenjie M5 is relatively high, with both internal and external repairs. It not only has good mechanical quality, but also has Huawei’s HarmonyOS smart cockpit and a complete offline sales and maintenance system. The monthly delivery of 3,000+is only the beginning of Wenjie M5. Although it is far from the goal of selling 300,000 units a year, it is believed that Wenjie M5 will maintain a good sales growth rate in the future.

Like it, it’s great! China has made a major breakthrough in the field of electric vehicles.

　　Cctv newsThe 2022 Winter Olympic Games will be held in China, and the China government has once again made a promise of "Green Olympics". Around this goal, it is an important link to realize green transportation during the Olympic Games. On August 31st, Beijing Institute of Technology and other research teams released an achievement: the all-weather battery product was successfully developed, that is, the battery of electric vehicles can still work normally under all climatic conditions, including extreme low temperature.

　　In the cold environment, electric vehicles will face challenges.

　　After investigation, during the Beijing Winter Olympics, vehicles will face a low temperature of -20℃ to -30℃, and the use of new energy vehicles will face the following challenges ↓ ↓

　　The charging and discharging characteristics of the power battery become worse!

　　Battery capacity and life will also decay!

　　These will lead to a significant decline in vehicle driving range and vehicle dynamic performance!

　　Sun Fengchun, Director of the National Engineering Laboratory of Electric Vehicles of Beijing Institute of Technology and Chief Expert of the Expert Group of Beijing New Energy Vehicle Association:

　　Now the electric vehicle (cruising range) has reached more than 300 kilometers, but it may only run for dozens of kilometers at MINUS 10℃.The farthest distance between the two venues of Beijing Winter Olympics, that is, the Chongli distance from Wukesong in Beijing to Zhangjiakou is 260 kilometers. How to last the electric vehicle at low temperature is a problem that must be solved.

　　New technology, let electric vehicles break through the low temperature forbidden zone

　　The team led by Professor Sun Fengchun developed the world’s first all-climate battery product by using the rapid thermal conductivity generated by metal heating inside the battery. The key technologies are as follows ↓ ↓

　　A layer of nickel-platinum sheet was added to the existing lithium battery.

　　Connect the power supply, and the battery can be heated quickly!

　　Sun Fengchun:

　　At MINUS 30℃, the temperature of our battery rises to above zero in twenty seconds, so it can work very well and has no influence on the life of the battery. This is the core technology. In other words, there is no forbidden area for electric vehicles, which is a milestone principle and technology in this respect.

　　Low temperature environment, all the key technologies of new energy vehicles are overcome.

　　In addition, key technologies such as vehicle system integration and control in low temperature environment have also made breakthroughs. The cooperative control technology of automatic driving and automatic charging has laid a solid foundation for the application of new energy vehicles during the Winter Olympics.

　　Sun Fengchun:

　　From the battery cell, battery system to the system integration of the whole vehicle, it should be said that the technology has been completely overcome.Our core key components are required according to the standard of low temperature of MINUS 45℃ to ensure that there will be no problems during the Winter Olympics.

　　At the end of this year, all-weather electric vehicles will be launched.

　　According to reports, the first batch of all-weather electric vehicles in the world will be released at the end of December this year, and then they will go to Mohe and other alpine regions for experiments at around MINUS 45 C. It is estimated that in 2020, the development of 11 product prototypes of four types of vehicles will be completed, and the demonstration operation will begin.

　　Zhang Jihong, Deputy Director of Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission:

　　We should further integrate some technologies from Beijing, China and even foreign countries to tackle key problems in Industry-University-Research. Whether it is low-temperature battery technology or driverless technology, a complete and comprehensive presentation can be obtained during the 2022 Winter Olympics.

Australia’s SBS TV station announced that it would stop broadcasting CGTN programs. CGTN responded： We have not authorized SBS to broadcast, and we hope relevant parties will act in strict accordance

　　[Global Network Report] On March 6th, the CGTN spokesperson replied as follows: After receiving the confirmation letter from the French regulatory authorities that the jurisdiction of CGTN channel is owned by France, Vodafone Germany resumed broadcasting CGTN English news channel and record channel at 7: 00 a.m. Beijing time on March 5th. So far, the legal issue of CGTN’s landing broadcasting license in relevant European countries has been solved. We appreciate this.

　　Another media said that SBS TV in Australia decided to suspend broadcasting CGTN and CCTV news from overseas, namely, 15-minute CGTN English programs and 30-minute CCTV Chinese programs after evaluating the relevant situation.

　　According to our preliminary verification, in 2006, CCTV signed a cooperation agreement with SBS to broadcast some Chinese programs of CCTV for free, but we did not authorize SBS to broadcast English programs of CGTN. CGTN will learn the truth from relevant parties and hope that relevant parties will act in strict accordance with the law.

　　Previously reported:

　　Australian SBS TV station jumped out! Suspend CGTN and CCTV programs under the pretext of so-called "human rights"

　　[Global Network Report] After the UK, this time it was the Australian media. According to the latest news from Reuters on the 5th, Australian SBS TV station suspended the broadcast of China International Television (CGTN) and CCTV on the grounds of so-called "human rights".

Screenshot of Reuters report

　　SBS issued a statement saying: "In view of the great concern caused and the complexity of the materials involved, we have decided to suspend the news briefings of CGTN and CCTV from overseas while evaluating the relevant services."

　　SBS spokesman also claimed to Reuters that the agency would not broadcast CCTV and CGTN programs on Saturday (6th) and was reviewing "complaints from human rights organizations".

　　According to reports, SBS program originally included CGTN15 minutes English news and CCTV30 minutes Mandarin program. Reuters said that a message on SBS news website said that after the British media regulator revoked CGTN’s landing permit in Britain, a human rights organization named "Safeguard Defenders" sent a letter to SBS, accusing CCTV of broadcasting content from 2013 to 2020.

　　In February this year, OFCOM revoked the landing license of China International Television (CGTN) in the UK. At that time, China Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying responded that China has repeatedly stressed that as an international professional media organization, CGTN’s dissemination in the UK strictly abides by British laws and regulations, abides by journalistic professional ethics, and carries out news reporting with the principles of objectivity, impartiality, truthfulness and accuracy, and its professionalism is recognized internationally. In the 18 years since it spread in Britain, CGTN has abided by professional ethics and cooperated well with the British side. Its business conforms to the law of communication and has played an important role in enhancing understanding and communication between the Chinese and British people and promoting cultural exchanges between the two countries. However, in February, 2020, OFCOM suddenly started the investigation procedure to revoke the landing license of CGTN’s English news channel in the UK on the grounds of its "overall control" and political attributes. Although this move was unknown, during the investigation, CGTN fully cooperated with OFCOM’s requirements and sought to solve the problem in a constructive manner, which showed great sincerity.

　　Hua Chunying said that it is outrageous that OFCOM repeatedly rejected the Chinese proposal, and on February 4th this year, it arbitrarily revoked the landing license of CGTN English news channel in Britain. Facts have proved that this behavior of the British side is not a so-called technical problem from beginning to end, but a political suppression out of strong ideological prejudice.

Interior color？

The color of the car interior can be selected according to the owner’s own preferences, and many models now provide this opportunity for free choice.

Some factors need to be considered when choosing a personalized color. First of all, it is recommended to choose as little white as possible, including light white and milky white. Secondly, pink should also be avoided as much as possible. Finally, it is suggested to choose the color matching provided by car companies, because these colors often undergo strict chromatographic analysis, which is not only different, but also shows the taste and attracts attention. Black is the color that can best represent the movement and speed in automobile interior, and this view has been accepted by consumers more and more.

Matters needing attention in choosing personality color:

1. Choose less white: white is easy to look dirty and prone to color difference, so it is recommended to choose as little white interior as possible.

2. Avoid pink: Pink interiors tend to look childish and immature, so try to avoid choosing this color.

3. Choose the colors provided by car companies: The personalized colors introduced by car companies have undergone rigorous chromatographic analysis, which not only have unique taste, but also attract attention. These colors will not only affect driving, but also show the dynamic and speed of the vehicle. Therefore, it is recommended to choose the color matching provided by the car company instead of modifying it yourself.

4. Advantages of black interior: Black interior can best represent the dynamic and speed of the car, and more and more consumers think that black is the color that can best show the personality of the car.